{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:03:53Z","timestamp":1789664633414,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Enterocytozoon<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>E.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. are the most important zoonotic enteric pathogens associated with diarrheal diseases in animals and humans. However, it is still not known whether <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. are carried by wild rodents in Shanxi, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Shandong, and Inner Mongolia, China. In the present study, a total of 536 feces samples were collected from <jats:italic>Rattus (R.) norvegicus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mus musculus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Spermophilus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>dauricus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Lasiopodomys brandti<\/jats:italic> in six provinces of China, and were detected by PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA gene of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. and ITS gene of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> from June 2017 to November 2020. Among 536 wild rodents, 62 (11.6%) and 18 (3.4%) samples were detected as <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic>- and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp.-positive, respectively. Differential prevalence rates of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. were found in different regions. <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> was more prevalent in <jats:italic>R. norvegicus<\/jats:italic>, whereas <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. was more frequently identified in <jats:italic>S. dauricus<\/jats:italic>. Sequence analysis indicated that three known <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> species\/genotypes (<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium viatorum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium felis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> sp. rat genotype II\/III) and two uncertain <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> species (<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> sp. novel1 and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> sp. novel2) were present in the investigated wild rodents. Meanwhile, 5 known <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> genotypes (XJP-II, EbpC, EbpA, D, and NCF7) and 11 novel <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> genotypes (ZJR1 to ZJR7, GXM1, HLJC1, HLJC2, and SDR1) were also observed. This is the first report for existence of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. in wild rodents in Shanxi, Guangxi, Zhejiang, and Shandong, China. The present study also demonstrated the existence of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> spp. in <jats:italic>S. dauricus<\/jats:italic> worldwide for the first time. This study not only provided the basic data for the distribution of <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> genotypes\/species, but also expanded the host range of the two parasites. Moreover, the zoonotic <jats:italic>E. bieneusi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic> species\/genotypes were identified in the present study, suggesting wild rodents are a potential source of human infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.783508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T02:03:17Z","timestamp":1638324197000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi Infection in Wild Rodents From Six Provinces in China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hong-Bo","family":"Ni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Zhe","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Chun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Yao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Hui","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng-Hao","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Yu","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao-Xian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian-Yu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He-Ting","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci8090191","article-title":"Molecular Detection and Characterization of Blastocystis Sp. and Enterocytozoon Bieneusi in Cattle in Northern Spain","volume":"8","author":"Abarca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. 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