{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:48:12Z","timestamp":1784674092256,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with bloodstream infection of <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> (BSI-KP) have a high risk of death and septic shock. This study aims to identify the risk factors for mortality and severity in patients of BSI-KP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data of BSI-KP patients were extracted from the MIMIC IV (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV) database, and patients infected with only <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in blood were included in this study. The risk factors of 28-day mortality and septic shock in BSI-KP patients were analyzed, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 279 patients enrolled and the all-cause 28-day mortality rate was 11.8%. The use of statins (OR 0.220, 95% CI 0.060-0.801, p = 0.022) and quinolones (OR 0.356, 95% CI 0.143-0.887, p = 0.027) were both independent protective factors for death within 28 days, while the use of vasoactive drugs (OR 7.377, 95% CI 1.775-30.651, p = 0.006) was a risk factor. Besides, pulmonary disease (OR 2.348, 95% CI 1.126-4.897, p = 0.023), bleeding and coagulation disorders (OR 3.626, 95% CI 1.783-7.372, p &amp;lt; 0.001), respiratory failure (OR 2.823, 95% CI 0.178-6.767, p = 0.020) and kidney dysfunction (OR 2.450, 95% CI 1.189-5.047, p = 0.015) were independent risk factors for patients suffered from septic shock while hypertension was a protective one. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves could well predict the risk of death within 28-day (area under ROC = 0.855, 95% CI = 0.796\u20130.914, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and septic shock (AUROC = 0.815, 95% CI = 0.755\u20130.874, p &amp;lt; 0.001) in patients with BSI-KP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of statins could decrease the risk of 28-day mortality in patients of BSI-KP. The risk factor-based prediction model provided evidence for drug treatment in BSI-KP patients. Paying more attention to the strategy of drug treatment will be an optimal way to improve patient\u2019s outcome in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1087701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T07:40:04Z","timestamp":1672904404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Protective efficacy of statins in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beiwen","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.2.740","article-title":"Statins, inflammation, and sepsis - hypothesis","volume":"124","author":"Almog","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.750662","article-title":"Clinical epidemiology, risk factors, and control strategies of klebsiella pneumoniae infection","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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