{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:48:51Z","timestamp":1753890531858,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005150","name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005150","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Babesiosis poses a serious threat to immunocompromised individuals and the major etiological species of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> for human babesiosis is <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>. Merozoites are a critical stage in the life cycle of <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>. Several merozoite proteins have been demonstrated to play important roles in this process; however, most of the merozoite proteins of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> remain unknown. In the present study, we identified a novel merozoite protein of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> with similar structure to the thioredoxin (Trx)-like domain of the Trx family, which was named as <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> Trx-like protein (<jats:italic>Bm<\/jats:italic>TLP). Western blot assays demonstrated that this protein was expressed by <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> during the erythrocytic infection process, and its expression peaked on day 7 post-infection <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Immunofluorescence assay further showed that this protein is mainly expressed in <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> merozoites. <jats:italic>Bm<\/jats:italic>TLP hold both heparin- and erythrocyte-binding properties, which are critical functions of invasion-related proteins. Immunization with recombinant <jats:italic>Bm<\/jats:italic>TLP imparted significant protection against <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> infection in mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the novel merozoite protein, <jats:italic>Bm<\/jats:italic>TLP, is an important pathogenic molecule of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> and may be a possible target for the design of babesiosis control strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.826818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T10:48:55Z","timestamp":1645094935000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Novel Thioredoxin-Like Protein of Babesia microti Involved in Parasite Pathogenicity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xianyu","family":"Piao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qijun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.10.006","article-title":"Reticulocyte-Binding Protein Homologue 5-An Essential Adhesin Involved in Invasion of Human Erythrocytes by Plasmodium Falciparum","volume":"39","author":"Baum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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