{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:08:44Z","timestamp":1790960924112,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is an important pathogen of community acquired pneumonia. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of some infectious respiratory diseases has varied. Epidemiological features of\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in children from Beijing (China) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Between June 2016 and May 2021, a total of 569,887 children with respiratory infections from Children\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics (Beijing, China) were included in this study.\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      specific-IgM antibody in serum specimens of these patients was tested by a rapid immunochromatographic assay kit. The relevant clinical data of\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      -positive cases were also collected, and analyzed by RStudio software.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that 13.08% of collected samples were positive for\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      specific-IgM antibody. The highest annual positive rate was 17.59% in 2019, followed by 12.48% in 2018, 12.31% in 2017, and 11.73% in 2016, while the rate dropped to 8.9% in 2020 and 4.95% in 2021, with significant difference. Among the six years, the positive rates in summer and winter seasons were significantly higher than those in spring and autumn seasons (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). The positive rate was the highest in school-age children (22.20%), and lowest in the infant group (8.76%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). The positive rate in boys (11.69%) was lower than that in girls (14.80%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). There were no significant differences in different seasons, age groups, or genders before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our study demonstrated that an\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      outbreak started from the summer of 2019 in Beijing. After the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in the end of 2019, the\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive rates dropped dramatically. This may be due to the restrictive measures of the COVID-19 pandemic, which effectively controlled the transmission of\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      . The relationships between\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive rates and season, age, and gender were not statistically significant before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.854505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T10:02:03Z","timestamp":1651226523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["The Prevalence of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Among Children in Beijing Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuzhi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongqing","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menglei","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanhua","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00157","article-title":"Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Epidemiology in England and Wales: A National Perspective","volume":"7","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. 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