{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:40:28Z","timestamp":1791852028797,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>) is the most common etiological agent of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and a worldwide public health issue. The natural course with <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection varies widely between individuals. Some infections clear spontaneously, others can last for several months or some individuals can become reinfected, leading to severe pathological damage. Importantly, the underlying mechanisms of <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection are not fully understood. <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> has the ability to adapt to immune response and persist within host epithelial cells. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) induced by interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3) degrades the intracellular tryptophan pool, to which <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> can respond by converting to a non-replicating but viable state. <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> expresses and encodes for the tryptophan synthase (TS) genes (<jats:italic>trpA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>trpB<\/jats:italic>) and tryptophan repressor gene (<jats:italic>trpR<\/jats:italic>). Multiple genes interact to regulate tryptophan synthesis from exogenous indole, and persistent <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> can recover its infectivity by converting indole into tryptophan. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of chlamydial infections, biosynthesis and regulation of tryptophan, the relationship between tryptophan and <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>, and finally, the links between the tryptophan\/IFN-\u03b3 axis and <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic> persistence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.931653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T04:37:04Z","timestamp":1659415024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The role of tryptophan in Chlamydia trachomatis persistence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YingLan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HongXia","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.003","article-title":"Gut microbiota regulation of tryptophan metabolism in health and disease","volume":"23","author":"Agus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00072","article-title":"Influence of the tryptophan-indole-IFNgamma axis on human genital chlamydia trachomatis infection: role of vaginal co-infections","volume":"4","author":"Aiyar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. 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