{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:35:57Z","timestamp":1792521357514,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":230,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Deciphering the virulence factors, regulation, and immune response to <jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> infection<jats:italic>Acinetobacter baumannii<\/jats:italic> is a gram-negative multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen and a major cause of hospital acquired infetions. Carbapenem resistant <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> has been categorised as a Priority1 critial pathogen by the World Health Organisation. <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> is responsible for infections in hospital settings, clinical sectors, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and bloodstream infections with a mortality rates up to 35%. With the development of advanced genome sequencing, molecular mechanisms of manipulating bacterial genomes, and animal infection studies, it has become more convenient to identify the factors that play a major role in <jats:italic>A. baumannii<\/jats:italic> infection and its persistence. In the present review, we have explored the mechanism of infection, virulence factors, and various other factors associated with the pathogenesis of this organism. Additionally, the role of the innate and adaptive immune response, and the current progress in the development of innovative strategies to combat this multidrug-resistant pathogen is also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1053968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]],"date-time":"2023-02-23T06:04:15Z","timestamp":1677132255000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Deciphering the virulence factors, regulation, and immune response to Acinetobacter baumannii infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Afreen","family":"Shadan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avik","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjana","family":"Pathania","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajnish Prakash","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197412","article-title":"Resistance to pentamidine is mediated by AdeAB, regulated by AdeRS, and influenced by growth conditions in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978","volume":"13","author":"Adams","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58522-5","article-title":"A cyclic-di-GMP signaling network regulates biofilm formation and surface-associated motility of Acinetobacter baumannii 17978","volume":"10","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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