{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T18:28:54Z","timestamp":1793384934761,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":254,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral diseases are among the most common diseases around the world that people usually suffer from during their lifetime. Tooth decay is a multifactorial disease, and the composition of oral microbiota is a critical factor in its development. Also, <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic> is considered the most important caries-causing species. It is expected that probiotics, as they adjust the intestinal microbiota and reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria in the human intestine, can exert their health-giving effects, especially the anti-pathogenic effect, in the oral cavity, which is part of the human gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, numerous <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> studies have been conducted on the role of probiotics in the prevention of tooth decay. In this review, while investigating the effect of different strains of probiotics <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bifidobacteria<\/jats:italic> on oral diseases, including dental caries, candida yeast infections, periodontal diseases, and halitosis, we have also discussed postbiotics as novel non-living biological compounds derived from probiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1120995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T06:42:11Z","timestamp":1678257731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":188,"title":["A comprehensive review of the application of probiotics and postbiotics in oral health"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aziz","family":"Homayouni Rad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadi","family":"Pourjafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esmaeel","family":"Mirzakhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01410-07","article-title":"Bacteria of dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children and young adults","volume":"46","author":"Aas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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