{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T22:56:28Z","timestamp":1792450588513,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":240,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The female reproductive tract harbours hundreds of bacterial species and produces numerous metabolites. The uterine cervix is located between the upper and lower parts of the female genital tract. It allows sperm and birth passage and hinders the upward movement of microorganisms into a relatively sterile uterus. It is also the predicted site for sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as Chlamydia, human papilloma virus (HPV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The healthy cervicovaginal microbiota maintains cervical epithelial barrier integrity and modulates the mucosal immune system. Perturbations of the microbiota composition accompany changes in microbial metabolites that induce local inflammation, damage the cervical epithelial and immune barrier, and increase susceptibility to STI infection and relative disease progression. This review examined the intimate interactions between the cervicovaginal microbiota, relative metabolites, and the cervical epithelial-, immune-, and mucus barrier, and the potent effect of the host-microbiota interaction on specific STI infection. An improved understanding of cervicovaginal microbiota regulation on cervical microenvironment homeostasis might promote advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for various STI diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1124591","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T07:43:06Z","timestamp":1677224586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Interactions between microbiota and cervical epithelial, immune, and mucus barrier"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mengting","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yalan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanrong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cha","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengxia","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2007.03.014","article-title":"Toll-like receptors in female reproductive tract and their menstrual cycle dependent expression","volume":"77","author":"Aflatoonian","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-021-09838-9","article-title":"In vitro assessment of lactobacillus crispatus UBLCp01, lactobacillus gasseri UBLG36, and lactobacillus johnsonii UBLJ01 as a potential vaginal probiotic candidate","author":"Ahire","year":"2021","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00072","article-title":"Influence of the tryptophan-indole-IFN\u03b3 axis on human genital chlamydia trachomatis infection: role of vaginal co-infections","volume":"4","author":"Aiyar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153045","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis is associated with loss of gamma delta T cells in the female reproductive tract in women in the Miami women interagency HIV study (WIHS): A cross sectional study","volume":"11","author":"Alcaide","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt156","article-title":"Vaginal concentrations of lactic acid potently inactivate HIV","volume":"68","author":"Aldunate","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00181","article-title":"The vaginal microenvironment: The physiologic role of lactobacilli","volume":"5","author":"Amabebe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.04.019","article-title":"Cervicovaginal bacteria are a major modulator of host inflammatory responses in the female genital tract","volume":"42","author":"Anahtar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M600439-MCP200","article-title":"Large Scale identification of proteins, mucins, and their O-glycosylation in the endocervical mucus during the menstrual cycle","volume":"6","author":"Andersch-Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Proteomics"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3020","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03217-7","article-title":"miR-143 and miR-145 disrupt the cervical epithelial barrier through dysregulation of cell adhesion, apoptosis and proliferation","volume":"7","author":"Anton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01317-9","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalis alters cervicovaginal epithelial cell function through microbe-specific immune responses","volume":"10","author":"Anton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02181","article-title":"Lactobacillus crispatusCommon cervicovaginal microbial supernatants alter cervical epithelial function: Mechanisms by which contributes to cervical health","volume":"9","author":"Anton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.51","article-title":"Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines in the female reproductive tract are associated with altered expression of proteases, mucosal barrier proteins, and an influx of HIV-susceptible target cells","volume":"9","author":"Arnold","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12726","article-title":"Metabolites produced by commensal bacteria promote peripheral regulatory T-cell generation","volume":"504","author":"Arpaia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283021a37","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: A meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"22","author":"Atashili","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5578","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19382-9","article-title":"Hormonal contraception alters vaginal microbiota and cytokines in south African adolescents in a randomized trial","volume":"11","author":"Balle","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11109","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29320-x","article-title":"Endocervical and vaginal microbiota in south African adolescents with asymptomatic chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"8","author":"Balle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3705","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.9.3705-3711.1994","article-title":"Tryptophan depletion as a mechanism of gamma interferon-mediated chlamydial persistence","volume":"62","author":"Beatty","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01655","article-title":"Activation of toll-like receptors differentially modulates inflammation in the human reproductive tract: Preliminary findings","volume":"11","author":"Benjelloun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.867015","article-title":"A comprehensive atlas of immunological differences between humans, mice, and non-human primates","volume":"13","author":"Bjornson-Hooper","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.110.090423","article-title":"Structure and function of intercellular junctions in human cervical and vaginal mucosal epithelia","volume":"85","author":"Blaskewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy585","article-title":"Characterization of the genital mucosa immune profile to distinguish phases of the menstrual cycle: Implications for HIV susceptibility","volume":"219","author":"Boily-Larouche","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2015.86","article-title":"Cervicovaginal microbiome dysbiosis is associated with proteome changes related to alterations of the cervicovaginal mucosal barrier","volume":"9","author":"Borgdorff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15981","article-title":"The vaginal metabolome and microbiota of cervical HPV-positive and HPV-negative women: A cross-sectional analysis","volume":"127","author":"Borgogna","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2482","DOI":"10.1021\/bm900344q","article-title":"Movements of HIV-virions in human cervical mucus","volume":"10","author":"Boukari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12863","article-title":"The vaginal microbiome amplifies sex hormone-associated cyclic changes in cervicovaginal inflammation and epithelial barrier disruption","volume":"80","author":"Bradley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1086\/506621","article-title":"The association of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis with bacterial vaginosis and recurrence after oral metronidazole therapy","volume":"194","author":"Bradshaw","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.08.011","article-title":"LDHA-associated lactic acid production blunts tumor immunosurveillance by T and NK cells","volume":"24","author":"Brand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu330","article-title":"Interplay between the temporal dynamics of the vaginal microbiota and human papillomavirus detection","volume":"210","author":"Brotman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00509.x","article-title":"Considerations on chlamydia trachomatis disease expression","volume":"55","author":"Brunham","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.877223","article-title":"Lactobacillus modulates chlamydia infectivity and genital tract pathology in vitro and in vivo","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05324-9","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia progression are associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in a Chinese cohort","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00901-0","article-title":"The microbiota continuum along the female reproductive tract and its relation to uterine-related diseases","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.698840","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatisAlterations of vaginal microbiota in women with infertility and infection","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224658","article-title":"Diversity of endocervical microbiota associated with genital chlamydia trachomatis infection and infertility among women visiting obstetrics and gynecology clinics in Malaysia","volume":"14","author":"Cheong","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009024","article-title":"Impact of vaginal microbiome communities on HIV antiretroviral-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug metabolism","volume":"16","author":"Cheu","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9091864","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis vaginal microbiota of the sexually transmitted infections caused by and in women with vaginitis in Taiwan","volume":"9","author":"Chiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001251","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis associated with increased risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission: A prospective cohort analysis among African couples","volume":"9","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13490","article-title":"Functional polarization of tumour-associated macrophages by tumour-derived lactic acid","volume":"513","author":"Colegio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.822882","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles generated by gram-positive bacteria protect human tissues ex vivo from HIV-1 infection","volume":"11","author":"Costantini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. infection Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt244","article-title":"Proteome profiles of vaginal fluids from women affected by bacterial vaginosis and healthy controls: outcomes of rifaximin treatment","volume":"68","author":"Cruciani","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01337-5","article-title":"Lactic acid from vaginal microbiota enhances cervicovaginal epithelial barrier integrity by promoting tight junction protein expression","volume":"10","author":"Delgado-Diaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00446","article-title":"Distinct immune responses elicited from cervicovaginal epithelial cells by lactic acid and short chain fatty acids associated with optimal and non-optimal vaginal microbiota","volume":"9","author":"Delgado-Diaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2015.20","article-title":"Chemokine-mediated immune responses in the female genital tract mucosa","volume":"93","author":"Deruaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7693183","article-title":"Immunity in the cervix: Interphase between immune and cervical epithelial cells","volume":"2019","author":"De Tomasi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023136","article-title":"Performance of swabs, lavage, and diluents to quantify biomarkers of female genital tract soluble mucosal mediators","volume":"6","author":"Dezzutti","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3621","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113621","article-title":"Identification of vaginal microbial communities associated with extreme cervical shortening in pregnant women","volume":"9","author":"Di Paola","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B47","first-page":"34","article-title":"HPV\/Chlamydia trachomatis co-infection: Metagenomic analysis of cervical microbiota in asymptomatic women","volume":"41","author":"Di Pietro","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5519","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28001","article-title":"Prevotella as the hub of the cervicovaginal microbiota affects the occurrence of persistent human papillomavirus infection and cervical lesions in women of reproductive age via host NF-\u03baB\/C-myc","volume":"94","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2019.102127","article-title":"Microbial supernatants from mobiluncus mulieris, a bacteria strongly associated with spontaneous preterm birth, disrupts the cervical epithelial barrier through inflammatory and miRNA mediated mechanisms","volume":"61","author":"Dude","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050106","article-title":"Identification and characterization of bacterial vaginosis-associated pathogens using a comprehensive cervical-vaginal epithelial coculture assay","volume":"7","author":"Eade","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B51","first-page":"687","volume-title":"Vaginal microbiota and susceptibility to HIV","author":"Eastment","year":"2018"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01548-19","article-title":"The cervicovaginal microbiota-host interaction modulates chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"10","author":"Edwards","year":"2019","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15930","article-title":"Different and diverse anaerobic microbiota were seen in women living with HIV with unsuppressed HIV viral load and in women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis: A cohort study","volume":"127","author":"Elwood","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04388-y","article-title":"Lactobacillus spp. create a protective micro-ecological environment through regulating the core fucosylation of vaginal epithelial cells against cervical cancer","volume":"12","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.922554","article-title":"Exploring the association between cervical microbiota and HR-HPV infection based on 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing","volume":"12","author":"Fang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13235","article-title":"Pregnancy associates with alterations to the host and microbial proteome in vaginal mucosa","volume":"83","author":"Farr Zuend","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000367","article-title":"Protein content of cervicovaginal fluid is altered during bacterial vaginosis","volume":"22","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Low Genit Tract Dis."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000561","article-title":"Treatment failure of bacterial vaginosis is not associated with higher loads of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis","volume":"66","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0450-2","article-title":"The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth","volume":"25","author":"Fettweis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00321","article-title":"Diversity of cervical microbiota in asymptomatic chlamydia trachomatis genital infection: A pilot study","volume":"7","author":"Filardo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. infection Microbiol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00094-19","article-title":"Selected immunological mediators and cervical microbial signatures in women with chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"4","author":"Filardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-020-00934-6","article-title":"VALENCIA: A nearest centroid classification method for vaginal microbial communities based on composition","volume":"8","author":"France","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132ra52","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003605","article-title":"Temporal dynamics of the human vaginal microbiota","volume":"4","author":"Gajer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Trans. Med."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz514","article-title":"Interleukin-36\u03b3 is elevated in cervicovaginal epithelial cells in women with bacterial vaginosis and in vitro after infection with microbes associated with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"221","author":"Gardner","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.08.008","article-title":"Peripheral tissue surveillance and residency by memory T cells","volume":"34","author":"Gebhardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2022.103648","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalis induces matrix metalloproteinases in the cervicovaginal epithelium through TLR-2 activation","volume":"152","author":"Gerson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103829","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of lactobacilli cocktail on HT-29 colon carcinoma cells growth and modulation of the notch and wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathways","volume":"139","author":"Ghanavati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.09.003","article-title":"The immune system in menopause: pros and cons of hormone therapy","volume":"142","author":"Ghosh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12019","article-title":"Pathogen recognition in the human female reproductive tract: Expression of intracellular cytosolic sensors NOD1, NOD2, RIG-1, and MDA5 and response to HIV-1 and neisseria gonorrhea","volume":"69","author":"Ghosh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.2.7174","article-title":"The amount of MUC5B mucin in cervical mucus peaks at midcycle","volume":"86","author":"Gipson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod60.1.58","article-title":"MUC4 and MUC5B transcripts are the prevalent mucin messenger ribonucleic acids of the human endocervix","volume":"60","author":"Gipson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00193","article-title":"Comparison of the vaginal microbiomes of premenopausal and postmenopausal women","volume":"10","author":"Gliniewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.12.013","article-title":"Lactobacillus-deficient cervicovaginal bacterial communities are associated with increased HIV acquisition in young south African women","volume":"46","author":"Gosmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.015495","article-title":"Effect of mouse uterine stromal cells on epithelial cell transepithelial resistance (TER) and TNFalpha and TGFbeta release in culture","volume":"69","author":"Grant","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.09.018","article-title":"Recurrent bacterial vaginosis following metronidazole treatment is associated with microbiota richness at diagnosis","volume":"226","author":"Gustin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.35","article-title":"Progesterone-based compounds affect immune responses and susceptibility to infections at diverse mucosal sites","volume":"10","author":"Hall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.202100023","article-title":"Comparing endocervical mucus proteome of humans and rhesus macaques","volume":"15","author":"Han","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proteomics Clin. Appl."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2017.07.168","article-title":"Cervical mucus and contraception: what we know and what we don't","volume":"96","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-011520-105053","article-title":"Mucins and the Microbiome","volume":"89","author":"Hansson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2017.27","article-title":"Vaginal lactic acid elicits an anti-inflammatory response from human cervicovaginal epithelial cells and inhibits production of pro-inflammatory mediators associated with HIV acquisition","volume":"10","author":"Hearps","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182961cfc","article-title":"Plasma and mucosal HIV viral loads are associated with genital tract inflammation in HIV-infected women","volume":"63","author":"Herold","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2011.01.005","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immunity at mucosal surfaces of the female reproductive tract: stratification and integration of immune protection against the transmission of sexually transmitted infections","volume":"88","author":"Hickey","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.01.007","article-title":"Initial events in establishing vaginal entry and infection by human immunodeficiency virus type-1","volume":"26","author":"Hladik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2015.11.002","article-title":"Cervical leukocytes and spontaneous preterm birth","volume":"113","author":"Hunter","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1257530","article-title":"T Cell memory. a local macrophage chemokine network sustains protective tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells","volume":"346","author":"Iijima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa324","article-title":"Members of prevotella genus distinctively modulate innate immune and barrier functions in a human three-dimensional endometrial epithelial cell model","volume":"222","author":"Ilhan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511005265","article-title":"Lactobacillus gasseri suppresses Th17 pro-inflammatory response and attenuates allergen-induced airway inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma","volume":"108","author":"Jan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9060531","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and lactobacillus acidophilus la-14 attenuate gardnerella vaginalis-infected bacterial vaginosis in mice","volume":"9","author":"Jang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2021.01.005","article-title":"Life history recorded in the vagino-cervical microbiome along with multi-omics","volume":"20","author":"Jie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinf."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy762","article-title":"Impact of standard bacterial vaginosis treatment on the genital microbiota, immune milieu, and ex vivo human immunodeficiency virus susceptibility","volume":"68","author":"Joag","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6272","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01431-12","article-title":"A 90-day tenofovir reservoir intravaginal ring for mucosal HIV prophylaxis","volume":"56","author":"Johnson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80176-6","article-title":"Changes to the cervicovaginal microbiota and cervical cytokine profile following surgery for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"11","author":"Kawahara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-022-04545-x","article-title":"Optimal sampling and analysis methods for clinical diagnostics of vaginal microbiome","volume":"42","author":"Kero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2106.06022","article-title":"Changes in the microbiome of vaginal fluid after menopause in Korean women","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00854-08","article-title":"Heterogeneity of vaginal microbial communities within individuals","volume":"47","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai9383","article-title":"Vaginal bacteria modify HIV tenofovir microbicide efficacy in African women","volume":"356","author":"Klatt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2021.112938","article-title":"IL-1\u03b2 is a key inflammatory cytokine that weakens lactation-specific tight junctions of mammary epithelial cells","volume":"409","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-9955-5","article-title":"Lactate dehydrogenase-5 (LDH-5) expression in human gastric cancer: Association with hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1alpha) pathway, angiogenic factors production and poor prognosis","volume":"15","author":"Kolev","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001382","article-title":"Estimates of the prevalence and incidence of chlamydia and gonorrhea among US men and women 2018","volume":"48","author":"Kreisel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac094","article-title":"The healthy female microbiome across body sites: Effect of hormonal contraceptives and the menstrual cycle","volume":"37","author":"Krog","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.07.014","article-title":"Adherence of lactobacillus crispatus to vaginal epithelial cells from women with or without a history of recurrent urinary tract infection","volume":"176","author":"Kwok","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00762-14","article-title":"Cross-sectional analysis of selected genital tract immunological markers and molecular vaginal microbiota in Sub-Saharan African women, with relevance to HIV risk and prevention","volume":"22","author":"Kyongo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-021-00259-8","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and health-associated bacteria modulate the immunometabolic landscape in 3D model of human cervix","volume":"7","author":"\u0141aniewski","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7593","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25879-7","article-title":"Linking cervicovaginal immune signatures, HPV and microbiota composition in cervical carcinogenesis in non-Hispanic and Hispanic women","volume":"8","author":"\u0141aniewski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28724-8","article-title":"HPV infection alters vaginal microbiome through down-regulating host mucosal innate peptides used by lactobacilli as amino acid sources","volume":"13","author":"Lebeau","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12642","article-title":"Phenotypic surface properties (aggregation, adhesion and biofilm formation) and presence of related genes in beneficial vaginal lactobacilli","volume":"117","author":"Leccese Terraf","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199506000-00009","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of cervical ripening","volume":"38","author":"Leppert","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.10.027","article-title":"Lactic acid induced microRNA-744 enhances motility of SiHa cervical cancer cells through targeting ARHGAP5","volume":"298","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s12986-021-00615-7","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming in cervical cancer and metabolomics perspectives","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. (Lond)"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3376496","article-title":"The conditioned medium of lactobacillus rhamnoides GG regulates Microglia\/Macrophage polarization and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats","volume":"2021","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-022-00270-7","article-title":"Protease activities of vaginal porphyromonas species disrupt coagulation and extracellular matrix in the cervicovaginal niche","volume":"8","author":"Lithgow","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-5539","article-title":"Integrated metagenomics and metabolomics analysis of third-trimester pregnant women with premature membrane rupture: A pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.773013","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalisTilapia piscidin 4 (TP4) reprograms M1 macrophages to M2 phenotypes in cell models of -induced vaginosis","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.884272","article-title":"Altered vaginal microbiota composition correlates with human papillomavirus and mucosal immune responses in women with symptomatic cervical ectopy","volume":"12","author":"L\u00f3pez-Filloy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00279","article-title":"Lactic acid: A novel signaling molecule in early pregnancy","volume":"11","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03681-6","article-title":"Immunometabolic and potential tumor-promoting changes in 3D cervical cell models infected with bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Maarsingh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01400-1","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome-host interactions modeled in a human vagina-on-a-chip","volume":"10","author":"Mahajan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.838491","article-title":"Preliminary identification of the aerobic cervicovaginal microbiota in Mexican women with cervical cancer as the first step towards metagenomic studies","volume":"12","author":"Manzanares-Leal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2014.04.006","article-title":"Effects of vaginal lactobacilli in chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"304","author":"Mastromarino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00197","article-title":"Evaluation of methods for the extraction of microbial DNA from vaginal swabs used for microbiome studies","volume":"9","author":"Mattei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(86)90404-7","article-title":"Protease production by microorganisms associated with reproductive tract infection","volume":"154","author":"McGregor","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.759697","article-title":"Immunometabolic analysis of mobiluncus mulieris and eggerthella sp. reveals novel insights into their pathogenic contributions to the hallmarks of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"11","author":"McKenzie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. infection Microbiol."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2011.01089.x","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids induce pro-inflammatory cytokine production alone and in combination with toll-like receptor ligands","volume":"67","author":"Mirmonsef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159.e151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.02.034","article-title":"Association between postmenopausal vulvovaginal discomfort, vaginal microbiota, and mucosal inflammation","volume":"225","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12264","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and the cervicovaginal immune response","volume":"71","author":"Mitchell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. (New York N.Y. 1989)"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa675","article-title":"Bacterial communities associated with abnormal Nugent score in postmenopausal versus premenopausal women","volume":"223","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16865","article-title":"Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia disease progression is associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity","volume":"5","author":"Mitra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15856-y","article-title":"The vaginal microbiota associates with the regression of untreated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 lesions","volume":"11","author":"Mitra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-022-00122-7","article-title":"Immune parameters of HIV susceptibility in the female genital tract before and after penile-vaginal sex","volume":"2","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Med. (Lond)"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65544-6","article-title":"The impact of cervical cytobrush sampling on cervico-vaginal immune parameters and microbiota relevant to HIV susceptibility","volume":"10","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1086\/428287","article-title":"The natural course of chlamydia trachomatis infection in asymptomatic Colombian women: A 5-year follow-up study","volume":"191","author":"Molano","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272012","article-title":"Association of key species of vaginal bacteria of recurrent bacterial vaginosis patients before and after oral metronidazole therapy with short- and long-term clinical outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Mollin","year":"2022","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158687","article-title":"The effects of hormones and vaginal microflora on the glycome of the female genital tract: Cervical-vaginal fluid","volume":"11","author":"Moncla","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1258\/095646202762226092","article-title":"The natural course of asymptomatic chlamydia trachomatis infections: 45% clearance and no development of clinical PID after one-year follow-up","author":"Morr\u00e9","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.569022","article-title":"Cervical-vaginal microbiome and associated cytokine profiles in a prospective study of HPV 16 acquisition, persistence, and clearance","volume":"10","author":"Moscicki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. infection Microbiol."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.22074\/cellj.2016.3833","article-title":"The effect of lactobacillus crispatus and lactobacillus rhamnosusCulture supernatants on expression of autophagy genes and HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes in the HeLa cell line","volume":"17","author":"Motevaseli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell J."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.615770","article-title":"Differences in the genital microbiota in women who naturally clear chlamydia trachomatis infection compared to women who do not clear; a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Mott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. infection Microbiol."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.05.016","article-title":"K\u207a efflux is the common trigger of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by bacterial toxins and particulate matter","volume":"38","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Planillo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/Spectrum.00470-21","article-title":"Deciphering the role of mucosal immune responses and the cervicovaginal microbiome in resistance to HIV infection in HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) women","volume":"9","author":"Munusamy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.544192","article-title":"Effect of bacterial vaginosis (BV)-HIV-1 Co-existence on maternal and infant health: A secondary data analysis","volume":"9","author":"Mwenda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.03026","article-title":"Cracking open bacterial membrane vesicles","volume":"10","author":"Nagakubo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5656","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13468-9","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles from symbiotic vaginal lactobacilli inhibit HIV-1 infection of human tissues","volume":"10","author":"\u00d1ahui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00906","article-title":"LactobacillusVaginal inhibits HIV-1 replication in human tissues","volume":"8","author":"\u00d1ahui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-021-00261-0","article-title":"Large-Scale characterisation of the pregnancy vaginal microbiome and sialidase activity in a low-risk Chinese population","volume":"7","author":"Ng","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ biofilms microbiomes"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6487","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126487","article-title":"Vaginal lactobacilli and vaginal dysbiosis-associated bacteria differently affect cervical epithelial and immune homeostasis and anti-viral defenses","volume":"22","author":"Nicol\u00f2","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms4030034","article-title":"Adhesion properties of lactic acid bacteria on intestinal mucin","volume":"4","author":"Nishiyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15854","article-title":"The vaginal microbiota, human papillomavirus and cervical dysplasia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"Norenhag","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01084","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01084-15","article-title":"Enhanced trapping of HIV-1 by human cervicovaginal mucus is associated with lactobacillus crispatus-dominant microbiota","volume":"6","author":"Nunn","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/msphere.00239-22","article-title":"Impacts of menstruation, community type, and an oral yeast probiotic on the vaginal microbiome","volume":"7","author":"Oerlemans","year":"2022","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00277","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-mediated gut epithelial and immune regulation and its relevance for inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"10","author":"Parada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.44","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids induce both effector and regulatory T cells by suppression of histone deacetylases and regulation of the mTOR-S6K pathway","volume":"8","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02630","article-title":"Lactobacillus crispatus BC5 interferes with infectivity through integrin modulation in cervical cells","volume":"9","author":"Parolin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-019-0186-9","article-title":"A pro-inflammatory CD8+ T-cell subset patrols the cervicovaginal tract","volume":"12","author":"Pattacini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11010097","article-title":"Aerobic vaginitis-underestimated risk factor for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"11","author":"Plisko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.043133","article-title":"Immunological microenvironments in the human vagina and cervix: Mediators of cellular immunity are concentrated in the cervical transformation zone","volume":"73","author":"Pudney","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.103366","article-title":"Microbial products alter the expression of membrane-associated mucin and antimicrobial peptides in a three-dimensional human endocervical epithelial cell model","volume":"87","author":"Radtke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10101347","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis vaginal and anal microbiome during infections","volume":"10","author":"Raimondi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0762-5","article-title":"Reprogramming of host glutamine metabolism during chlamydia trachomatis infection and its key role in peptidoglycan synthesis","volume":"5","author":"Rajeeve","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","author":"Ravel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. United States America"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0032","article-title":"Cervical remodeling during pregnancy and parturition: Molecular characterization of the softening phase in mice","volume":"134","author":"Read","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2015.07.005","article-title":"Lactobacillus crispatus mediates anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 induction in response to chlamydia trachomatis infection in vitro","volume":"305","author":"Rizzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5230","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.006221","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalisIdentification and characterization of NanH2 and NanH3, enzymes responsible for sialidase activity in the vaginal bacterium","volume":"294","author":"Robinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2014.26","article-title":"Phenotype and susceptibility to HIV infection of CD4+ Th17 cells in the human female reproductive tract","volume":"7","author":"Rodriguez-Garcia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12733","article-title":"Aging impacts CD103 CD8 T cell presence and induction by dendritic cells in the genital tract","volume":"17","author":"Rodriguez-Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01096","article-title":"Differential cytotoxic function of resident and non-resident CD8+ T cells in the human female reproductive tract before and after menopause","volume":"11","author":"Rodriguez-Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2016.11.011","article-title":"Tissue resident memory T cells and viral immunity","volume":"22","author":"Rosato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Virol."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.105294","article-title":"Role of interleukin-17 in human papillomavirus infection and associated malignancies","volume":"161","author":"Sahu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-021-00229-0","article-title":"Veillonellaceae family members uniquely alter the cervical metabolic microenvironment in a human three-dimensional epithelial model","volume":"7","author":"Salliss","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPJ biofilms microbiomes"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.09.020","article-title":"Distribution and compartmentalization of human circulating and tissue-resident memory T cell subsets","volume":"38","author":"Sathaliyawala","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254536","article-title":"T Cell memory. resident memory CD8 T cells trigger protective innate and adaptive immune responses","volume":"346","author":"Schenkel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1159\/000494083","article-title":"What's the difference? 2D DIGE image analysis by DeCyderTM versus SameSpotsTM","volume":"28","author":"Schnaars","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1173","article-title":"Antimicrobial properties of lactobacillus cell-free supernatants against multidrug-resistant urogenital pathogens","volume":"10","author":"Scillato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiologyopen"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab266","article-title":"Differences in vaginal microbiota, host transcriptome, and proteins in women with bacterial vaginosis are associated with metronidazole treatment response","volume":"224","author":"Serebrenik","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1139\/bcb-2016-0049","article-title":"Effect of bovine lactoferrin on chlamydia trachomatis infection and inflammation","volume":"95","author":"Sessa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix088","article-title":"Distinct effects of the cervicovaginal microbiota and herpes simplex type 2 infection on female genital tract immunology","volume":"215","author":"Shannon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab120","article-title":"Association of vaginal microbiota with signs and symptoms of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause across reproductive stages","volume":"76","author":"Shardell","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gerontol A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.596917","article-title":"Lactobacillus-depleted vaginal microbiota in pregnant women living with HIV-1 infection are associated with increased local inflammation and preterm birth","volume":"10","author":"Short","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.750103","article-title":"Vaginal microbiota, genital inflammation and extracellular matrix remodelling collagenase: MMP-9 in pregnant women with HIV, a potential preterm birth mechanism warranting further exploration","volume":"11","author":"Short","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.87","article-title":"Human cervicovaginal mucus contains an activity that hinders HIV-1 movement","volume":"6","author":"Shukair","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191524","article-title":"Colonization of the cervicovaginal space with gardnerella vaginalis leads to local inflammation and cervical remodeling in pregnant mice","volume":"13","author":"Sierra","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-020-02114-4","article-title":"Comparison of different hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA for taxonomic profiling of vaginal microbiota using next-generation sequencing","volume":"203","author":"Sirichoat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271694","article-title":"The vaginal microbiota, host defence and reproductive physiology","volume":"595","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02954-0","article-title":"Higher mucosal antibody concentrations in women with genital tract inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Sobia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00593-20","article-title":"Daily vaginal microbiota fluctuations associated with natural hormonal cycle, contraceptives, diet, and exercise","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00204-15","article-title":"Metabolic signatures of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"6","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.12549","article-title":"The chlamydia trachomatis Ctad1 invasin exploits the human integrin \u03b21 receptor for host cell entry","volume":"18","author":"Stallmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.05.013","article-title":"Impact of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of lactobacillus gasseri strains isolated from human vagina on cervical tumor cells (HeLa)","volume":"47","author":"Sungur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13027","article-title":"Lactobacillus crispatus accelerates re-epithelialization in vaginal epithelial cell line MS74","volume":"80","author":"Takada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02229-21","article-title":"Molecular identification of cervical microbes in HIV-negative and HIV-positive women in an African setting using a customized bacterial vaginosis microbial DNA quantitative PCR (qPCR) array","volume":"10","author":"Taku","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz499","article-title":"Nonoptimal vaginal microbiota after azithromycin treatment for chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"221","author":"Tamarelle","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2018.04.019","article-title":"The vaginal microbiota and its association with human papillomavirus, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and mycoplasma genitalium infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Tamarelle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.99545","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome modulates topical antiretroviral drug pharmacokinetics","volume":"3","author":"Taneva","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202002590RRR","article-title":"Organ-on-chip of the cervical epithelial layer: A platform to study normal and pathological cellular remodeling of the cervix","volume":"35","author":"Tantengco","year":"2021","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab058","article-title":"Oxidative stress promotes cellular damages in the cervix: Implications for normal and pathologic cervical function in human pregnancy\u2020","volume":"105","author":"Tantengco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2011.09.042","article-title":"Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based global metabolite profiling: A review","volume":"711","author":"Theodoridis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2015.0006","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and subclinical markers of genital tract inflammation and mucosal immunity","volume":"31","author":"Thurman","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.799501","article-title":"Vaginal microbiota and mucosal pharmacokinetics of tenofovir in healthy women using a 90-day Tenofovir\/Levonorgestrel vaginal ring","volume":"12","author":"Thurman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0851","article-title":"Dynamic changes in the cervical epithelial tight junction complex and differentiation occur during cervical ripening and parturition","volume":"148","author":"Timmons","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12198","article-title":"Distribution of immune cells in the human cervix and implications for HIV transmission","volume":"71","author":"Trifonova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00055-18","article-title":"Anti-HIV-1 activity of lactic acid in human cervicovaginal fluid","volume":"3","author":"Tyssen","year":"2018","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.07.002","article-title":"Immunological and physicochemical properties of cervical ovulatory mucus","volume":"86","author":"Ulcova-Gallova","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27628-3","article-title":"molBV reveals immune landscape of bacterial vaginosis and predicts human papillomavirus infection natural history","volume":"13","author":"Usyk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008376","article-title":"Cervicovaginal microbiome and natural history of HPV in a longitudinal study","volume":"16","author":"Usyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2012.05.001","article-title":"The role of cytokines in the establishment, persistence and eradication of the HIV reservoir","volume":"23","author":"Vandergeeten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth factor Rev."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw586","article-title":"The cervicovaginal microbiota in women notified for chlamydia trachomatis infection: A case-control study at the sexually transmitted infection outpatient clinic in Amsterdam, the Netherlands","volume":"64","author":"van der Veer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053133","article-title":"Lactobacillus iners-dominated vaginal microbiota is associated with increased susceptibility to infection in Dutch women: A case-control study","volume":"94","author":"van Houdt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103085","article-title":"Vaginal dysbiosis associated-bacteria megasphaera elsdenii and prevotella timonensis induce immune activation via dendritic cells","volume":"138","author":"van Teijlingen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2014.08.005","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalis triggers NLRP3 inflammasome recruitment in THP-1 monocytes","volume":"106","author":"Vick","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20080642","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids stimulate the migration of neutrophils to inflammatory sites","volume":"117","author":"Vinolo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Sci. (Lond)"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0181477","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181477","article-title":"Comparative analysis of vaginal microbiota sampling using 16S rRNA gene analysis","volume":"12","author":"Virtanen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2490-y","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome and metabolome highlight specific signatures of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"34","author":"Vitali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.76721","article-title":"C-myc plays a key role in IFN-\u03b3-induced persistence of chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"11","author":"Vollmuth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-015-0114-x","article-title":"L- and d-lactate enhance DNA repair and modulate the resistance of cervical carcinoma cells to anticancer drugs via histone deacetylase inhibition and hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 activation","volume":"13","author":"Wagner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2017.02.007","article-title":"Stimulation of lactate receptor (HCAR1) affects cellular DNA repair capacity","volume":"52","author":"Wagner","year":"2017","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst)"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13194","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413194","article-title":"Lactate suppresses retroviral transduction in cervical epithelial cells through DNA-PKcs modulation","volume":"22","author":"Wagner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114981","article-title":"High lactate levels predict likelihood of metastases, tumor recurrence, and restricted patient survival in human cervical cancers","volume":"60","author":"Walenta","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.026","article-title":"Jejunal epithelial barrier disruption triggered by reactive oxygen species in early SIV infected rhesus macaques","volume":"177","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.729744","article-title":"in vitroThe microbial composition of lower genital tract may affect the outcome of fertilization-embryo transfer","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114981","article-title":"Vaginal bacterial profiles of aerobic vaginitis: A case-control study","volume":"96","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.123.3191.309","article-title":"On the origin of cancer cells","volume":"123","author":"Warburg","year":"1956","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12979","article-title":"Metabolomics as a clinical testing method for the diagnosis of vaginal dysbiosis","volume":"80","author":"Watson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.6.3017","article-title":"CD3+ CD8+ CTL activity within the human female reproductive tract: Influence of stage of the menstrual cycle and menopause","volume":"158","author":"White","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1086\/367658","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis is a strong predictor of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis infection","volume":"36","author":"Wiesenfeld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1258\/095646202320753709","article-title":"Application of a novel human cervical mucin-based assay demonstrates the absence of increased mucinase activity in bacterial vaginosis","volume":"13","author":"Wiggins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00842.x","article-title":"Sex hormone regulation of innate immunity in the female reproductive tract: the role of epithelial cells in balancing reproductive potential with protection against sexually transmitted pathogens","volume":"63","author":"Wira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00460","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00460-13","article-title":"Influence of vaginal bacteria and d- and l-lactic acid isomers on vaginal extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer: Implications for protection against upper genital tract infections","volume":"4","author":"Witkin","year":"2013","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10609","article-title":"Gardnerella vaginalis induces NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in macrophages and THP-1 monocytes","volume":"22","author":"Xiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.860589","article-title":"Correlation analysis of vaginal microbiome changes and bacterial vaginosis plus vulvovaginal candidiasis mixed vaginitis prognosis","volume":"12","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00189","article-title":"Association analysis on recurrence of bacterial vaginosis revealed microbes and clinical variables important for treatment outcome","volume":"9","author":"Xiao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1279","article-title":"Effects of Th17 cells and IL-17 in the progression of cervical carcinogenesis with high-risk human papillomavirus infection","volume":"7","author":"Xue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86745-7","article-title":"Incense smoke-induced oxidative stress disrupts tight junctions and bronchial epithelial barrier integrity and induces airway hyperresponsiveness in mouse lungs","volume":"11","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03156","article-title":"Immunobiology of cervix ripening","volume":"10","author":"Yellon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1086\/429922","article-title":"Induction of tumor necrosis factor- alpha secretion and toll-like receptor 2 and 4 mRNA expression by genital mucosal fluids from women with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"191","author":"Zariffard","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005889","article-title":"Microbiome composition and function drives wound-healing impairment in the female genital tract","volume":"12","author":"Zevin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02152-y","article-title":"Distinction between vaginal and cervical microbiota in high-risk human papilloma virus-infected women in China","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.814668","article-title":"Vaginal microbiota changes caused by HPV infection in Chinese women","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.1033431","article-title":"Vaginal lactobacillus iners abundance is associated with outcome in antibiotic treatment of bacterial vaginosis and capable of inhibiting gardnerella","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0903-4","article-title":"In vitro rescue of genital strains of chlamydia trachomatis from interferon-\u03b3 and tryptophan depletion with indole-positive, but not indole-negative prevotella spp","volume":"16","author":"Ziklo","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"B239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3843-4","article-title":"High expression of IDO1 and TGF-\u03b21 during recurrence and post infection clearance with chlamydia trachomatis, are independent of host IFN-\u03b3 response","volume":"19","author":"Ziklo","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00001","article-title":"Dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota and higher vaginal Kynurenine\/Tryptophan ratio reveals an association with chlamydia trachomatis genital infections","volume":"8","author":"Ziklo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1124591\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T07:43:12Z","timestamp":1677224592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1124591\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"references-count":240,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1124591"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1124591","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"article-number":"1124591"}}