{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T15:29:59Z","timestamp":1782746999714,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus known to cause two major diseases: adult T-cell leukemia\/lymphoma and a progressive neuromyelopathy\u2014tropical spastic paraparesis. Many viruses may be involved in the pathogenesis of thyroiditis; however, few studies have focused on the role of HTLV-1. We aimed to investigate the association between HTLV-1 and biological thyroid dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 357 patients with a positive HTLV-1 serology and thyroid-stimulating hormone assay data between 2012 and 2021 in a hospital in French Guiana; we compared the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in this group with that in an HTLV-1-negative control group (722 persons) matched for sex and age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in patients with HTLV-1 infection was significantly higher than that in the control group (11% versus 3.2% and 11.3% versus 2.3%, respectively; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study shows, for the first time, the association between HTLV-1 and dysthyroidism in a large sample, suggesting that thyroid function exploration should be systematically implemented in this population as this may have an impact on therapeutic management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1164526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T06:01:11Z","timestamp":1684908071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 is associated with dysthyroidism in the French Amazon"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Dugardin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Demar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nezha","family":"Hafsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakim","family":"Amroun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Markens","family":"Aurelus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinan","family":"Drak Alsibai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Ntoutoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin","family":"Santa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Nacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Sabbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1996.741562.x","article-title":"Association of HTLV-I with autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) and in HTLV-I carriers","volume":"45","author":"Akamine","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. 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