{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:12:53Z","timestamp":1792696373653,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a model quorum sensing (QS) pathogen with three interconnected QS circuits that control the production of virulence factors and antibiotic tolerant biofilms. The\n                    <jats:italic>pqs<\/jats:italic>\n                    QS system of\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    is responsible for the biosynthesis of diverse 2-alkyl-4-quinolones (AQs), of which 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline (HHQ) and 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(\n                    <jats:italic>1H<\/jats:italic>\n                    )-quinolone (PQS) function as QS signal molecules. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that HHQ and PQS influenced the expression of multiple genes via PqsR-dependent and -independent pathways whereas 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    -oxide (HQNO) had no effect on\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcriptome. HQNO is a cytochrome\n                    <jats:italic>bc<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    inhibitor that causes\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    programmed cell death and autolysis. However,\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa pqsL<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants unable to synthesize HQNO undergo autolysis when grown as colony biofilms. The mechanism by which such autolysis occurs is not understood. Through the generation and phenotypic characterization of multiple\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    PAO1 mutants producing altered levels of AQs in different combinations, we demonstrate that mutation of\n                    <jats:italic>pqsL<\/jats:italic>\n                    results in the accumulation of HHQ which in turn leads to Pf4 prophage activation and consequently autolysis. Notably, the effect of HHQ on Pf4 activation is not mediated\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    its cognate receptor PqsR. These data indicate that the synthesis of HQNO in PAO1 limits HHQ-induced autolysis mediated by Pf4 in colony biofilms. A similar phenomenon is shown to occur in\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates, in which the autolytic phenotype can be abrogated by ectopic expression of\n                    <jats:italic>pqsL<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1183681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T00:40:52Z","timestamp":1685061652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Alkyl-quinolone-dependent quorum sensing controls prophage-mediated autolysis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa colony biofilms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Giallonardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgana","family":"Letizia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Mellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Frangipani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Halliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Heeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"C\u00e1mara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Visca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Imperi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Leoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Rampioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.05008.x","article-title":"A characterization of DNA release in Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures and biofilms","volume":"59","author":"Allesen-Holm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. 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