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Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease with few approved medications. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent form, responsible for 0.7 - 1.0 million new cases annually worldwide. Leukotrienes are lipid mediators of inflammation produced in response to cell damage or infection. They are subdivided into leukotriene B4 (LTB<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) and cysteinyl leukotrienes LTC4 and LTD4 (Cys-LTs), depending on the enzyme responsible for their production. Recently, we showed that LTB<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> could be a target for purinergic signaling controlling <jats:italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/jats:italic> infection; however, the importance of Cys-LTs in the resolution of infection remained unknown. Mice infected with <jats:italic>L. amazonensis<\/jats:italic> are a model of CL infection and drug screening. We found that Cys-LTs control <jats:italic>L. amazonensis<\/jats:italic> infection in susceptible (BALB\/c) and resistant (C57BL\/6) mouse strains. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, Cys-LTs significantly diminished the <jats:italic>L. amazonensis<\/jats:italic> infection index in peritoneal macrophages of BALB\/c and C57BL\/6 mice. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, intralesional treatment with Cys-LTs reduced the lesion size and parasite loads in the infected footpads of C57BL\/6 mice. The anti-leishmanial role of Cys-LTs depended on the purinergic P2X7 receptor, as infected cells lacking the receptor did not produce Cys-LTs in response to ATP. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of LTB4 and Cys-LTs for CL treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1192800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T04:29:52Z","timestamp":1686544192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Cysteinyl-leukotrienes promote cutaneous Leishmaniasis control"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Let\u00edcia Paula Trajano","family":"Noronha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique Daiane Andrade","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archimedes Barbosa","family":"Castro-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luiza","family":"Thorstenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"La\u00eds","family":"Costa-Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuany Prado","family":"Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Carvalho-Gondim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bartira","family":"Rossi-Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz Eduardo Baggio","family":"Savio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio de Azevedo","family":"Canetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robson","family":"Coutinho-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31204-2","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"392","author":"Burza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1002\/med.20071","article-title":"Cysteinyl-leukotrienes and their receptors in asthma and other inflammatory diseases: critical update and emerging trends","volume":"27","author":"Capra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. 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