{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T23:34:24Z","timestamp":1785540864021,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Treponema phagedenis<\/jats:italic>, a human commensal spirochete, has been reported world-wide as a key factor in the pathogenesis of bovine digital dermatitis. Here we report a case of <jats:italic>T. phagedenis<\/jats:italic> sequence detection in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a patient. The patient was diagnosed with neurosyphilis, and <jats:italic>T. phagedenis<\/jats:italic> was detected as the only microorganism in his CSF by metagenomic sequencing. The patient went through a round of penicillin therapy previously (2.4 million units of Benzathine Penicillin intramuscularly once a week for three weeks) that did not resolve the symptoms; after the diagnosis of neurosyphilis he was treated with Penicillin G Sodium 4.0 million units q4h intravenous for 14 days then his symptoms resolved. To the best of our knowledge, <jats:italic>T. phagedenis<\/jats:italic> has never been reported to be detected in a human\u2019s CSF before. This was also the first time it was detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. We propose that more etiological tests should be performed including culture and sequencing for more patients with syphilis, which will contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenicity of the spirochete.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1218049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T08:49:15Z","timestamp":1693385355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Detection of Treponema phagedenis in cerebrospinal fluid of a neurosyphilis patient by metagenomic next-generation sequencing"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chenyan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenggui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqiu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.005050","article-title":"Treponema Peruense sp. nov., a commensal spirochaete isolated from human faeces","volume":"71","author":"Belkhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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