{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:17:14Z","timestamp":1787584634339,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Fusobacterium necrophorum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic>) infection is rare in pediatrics. In addition, the detection time of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> by blood culture is long, and the positive rate is low. Infection with <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> bacilli usually follows rapid disease progression, resulting in high mortality. In previous reports of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic>-related cases, the most dangerous moment of the disease occurred after the appearance of Lemierre\u2019s syndrome. We report an atypical case of a 6-year-old female patient who developed septic shock within 24 h of admission due to <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> infection in the absence of Lemierre\u2019s syndrome. <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> was identified in a blood sample by metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) but not by standard blood culture. The patient was finally cured and discharged after receiving timely and effective targeted anti-infection treatment. In the present case study, it was observed that the heightened virulence and invasiveness of <jats:italic>F. necrophorum<\/jats:italic> contribute significantly to its role as a primary pathogen in pediatric septic shock. This can precipitate hemodynamic instability and multiple organ failure, even in the absence of Lemierre\u2019s syndrome. The use of mNGS can deeply and rapidly identify infectious pathogens, guide the use of targeted antibiotics, and greatly improve the survival rate of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1236630","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T04:48:21Z","timestamp":1708058901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case report: Metagenomics next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of septic shock due to Fusobacterium necrophorum in a 6-year-old child"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanlin","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanmin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingying","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2020.102165","article-title":"Fusobacterium bloodstream infections: A literature review and hospital-based case series","volume":"62","author":"Almohaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e251","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30199-7","article-title":"STROBE-metagenomics: a STROBE extension statement to guide the reporting of metagenomics studies","volume":"20","author":"Bharucha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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