{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:27:32Z","timestamp":1792189652009,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacterial infections emerge as a significant contributor to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Emerging extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL) <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> strains provide a greater risk of bacteremia and mortality, are increasingly resistant to antibiotics, and are a major producer of ESBLs. <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> bacteremia-linked mastitis is one of the most common bacterial diseases in animals, which can affect the quality of the milk and damage organ functions. There is an elevated menace of treatment failure and recurrence of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> bacteremia necessitating the adoption of rigorous alternative treatment approaches. In this study, Se-Boil-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles (MMNPs) were synthesized as an alternate treatment from <jats:italic>Talaromyces haitouensis<\/jats:italic> extract, and their efficiency in treating ESBL <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> was confirmed using standard antimicrobial assays. Scanning electron microscopy, UV\u2013visible spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering were used to validate and characterize the mycosynthesized Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs. UV\u2013visible spectra of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs showed absorption peak bands at 570, 376, and 290 nm, respectively. The average diameters of the amorphous-shaped Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs synthesized by <jats:italic>T. haitouensis<\/jats:italic> extract were approximately 66\u201380 nm, respectively. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs (100 \u03bcg\/mL) showed a maximal inhibition zone of 18.33 \u00b1 0.57 mm against <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>. Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs also exhibited a deleterious impact on <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> killing kinetics, biofilm formation, swimming motility, efflux of cellular components, and membrane integrity. The hemolysis assay also confirms the biocompatibility of Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range. Our findings suggest that Se-BiO-CuO MMNPs may serve as a potential substitute for ESBL <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> bacteremia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1301351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,22]],"date-time":"2024-03-22T04:54:04Z","timestamp":1711083244000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fungus-mediated synthesis of Se-BiO-CuO multimetallic nanoparticles as a potential alternative antimicrobial against ESBL-producing Escherichia coli of veterinary 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