{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T14:43:59Z","timestamp":1783003439571,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human brucellosis, a <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> infection caused most common zoonosis in the world, remains a serious public health burden in China. <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> chronic infection always causes immunosuppressive status and results in severe organ or tissue damages. The aim of this work was to study the role of the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in human chronic brucellosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty cases of chronic brucellosis and 40 healthy individual controls were enrolled in this study. We analyzed the frequency and subsets of MDSCs in PBMC between the chronic brucellosis and healthy control groups by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we also measured the inflammatory-related cytokines in serum samples and the MDSCs inhibition ability to the proliferation of T cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the frequency of MDSCs in peripheral blood and the level of IL-6 and IL-10 Th2 cytokines and Arginase-1 were significantly increased in chronic brucellosis patients. In addition, we also found that the T cell function was suppressed in vitro by co-culturing with MDSCs from brucellosis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study described an increase of immunosuppressive MDSCs in peripheral blood of chronic brucellosis patients. These results contribute to the understanding of <jats:italic>Brucella<\/jats:italic> persistent infection, which may provide an insight for effective treatment of chronic brucellosis patients in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1347883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]],"date-time":"2024-01-30T04:22:00Z","timestamp":1706588520000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in chronic brucellosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shuiping","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fandong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xintong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongshui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2016.00030","article-title":"Establishment of chronic infection: Brucella's stealth strategy","volume":"6","author":"Ahmed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. 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