{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:59:14Z","timestamp":1792522754397,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Aeromonas dhakensis<\/jats:italic> is associated with soft tissue infection, bacteremia and gastroenteritis. Involvement of respiratory system in adults is extremely rare. We report a case of fulminant pneumonia and bacteremia due to <jats:italic>A. dhakensis<\/jats:italic> in a patient without underlying diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 26-year-old man became ill suddenly with pneumonia after swimming in a river. Despite intensive support measures in the intensive care unit, he died 13 hours after admission and 4 days after his first symptoms. Autopsy showed abundant Gram-negative bacteria, massive inflammatory cell infiltration, edema, necrosis and hemorrhage in lung tissue. <jats:italic>A. dhakensis<\/jats:italic> was isolated from blood culture taken at admission and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after intubation. Moreover, <jats:italic>A. dhakensis<\/jats:italic> was also detected in lung tissue by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) assay. The infection may have come from river water.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients who develop a fulminant pneumonia after contacting an aquatic environment, <jats:italic>A. dhakensis<\/jats:italic> should be alerted and mNGS may aid in the detection of aquatic pathogens by being more sensitive and specific versus traditional bacterial culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1359422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T05:02:23Z","timestamp":1721019743000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fulminant fatal pneumonia and bacteremia due to Aeromonas dhakensis in an immunocompetent man: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiquan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dairong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000000183","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the management of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage","volume":"61","author":"Abrams","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASAIO J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198804000-00013","article-title":"Pneumonia due to Aeromonas hydrophila-complex: epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic features","volume":"81","author":"Baddour","year":"1988","journal-title":"South Med. 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