{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T11:31:59Z","timestamp":1766748719814,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":189,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that most frequently affects part of the distal ileum, but it may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. CD may also be related to systemic inflammation and extraintestinal manifestations. Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, gradually worsening behavioral and cognitive functions. Despite the meaningful progress, both diseases are still incurable and have a not fully explained, heterogeneous pathomechanism that includes immunological, microbiological, genetic, and environmental factors. Recently, emerging evidence indicates that chronic inflammatory condition corresponds to an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, and intestinal inflammation, including CD, increases the risk of AD. Even though it is now known that CD increases the risk of AD, the exact pathways connecting these two seemingly unrelated diseases remain still unclear. One of the key postulates is the gut-brain axis. There is increasing evidence that the gut microbiota with its proteins, DNA, and metabolites influence several processes related to the etiology of AD, including \u03b2-amyloid abnormality, Tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. Considering the role of microbiota in both CD and AD pathology, in this review, we want to shed light on bacterial amyloids and their potential to influence cerebral amyloid aggregation and neuroinflammation and provide an overview of the current literature on amyloids as a potential linker between AD and CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1393809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T04:29:55Z","timestamp":1715142595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Amyloid, Crohn\u2019s disease, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease - are they linked?"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Duda-Madej","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Stecko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Szyma\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Mi\u0119tkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Szandruk-Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00256","article-title":"Effect of probiotic supplementation on cognitive function and metabolic status in alzheimer\u2019s disease: A randomized, double-blind and controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Akbari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2004.6.3\/galexander","article-title":"Biology of Parkinson\u2019s disease: pathogenesis and pathophysiology of a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder","volume":"6","author":"Alexander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.12934","article-title":"Chronic cigarette smoke exposure induces microbial and inflammatory shifts and mucin changes in the murine gut","volume":"18","author":"Allais","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00526.x","article-title":"Investigating the hygiene hypothesis as a risk factor in pediatric onset crohn\u2019s disease: A case-control study","volume":"101","author":"Amre","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-015-9098-1","article-title":"Histone post-translational modifications in frontal cortex from human donors with alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Proteomics"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1494-4","article-title":"Antibiotics, gut microbiota, and alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Angelucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371506001007","article-title":"Lost in translation: the gut microbiota in psychiatric illness","volume":"60","author":"Anglin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izz258","article-title":"Poor sleep quality in crohn\u2019s disease is associated with disease activity and risk for hospitalization or surgery","volume":"26","author":"Anthony Sofia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09944","article-title":"Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome","volume":"12","author":"Arumugam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131394","article-title":"Can a bacterial endotoxin be a key factor in the kinetics of amyloid fibril formation","volume":"39","author":"Asti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2021.183572","article-title":"Role of pulmonary surfactant protein sp-C dimerization on membrane fragmentation: an emergent mechanism involved in lung defense and homeostasis","author":"Barriga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Biomembr."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115492","article-title":"The association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of crohn\u2019s disease in the Western Cape, South Africa","volume":"9","author":"Basson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11159","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0180-14.2014","article-title":"Amyloid precursor protein dimerization and synaptogenic function depend on copper binding to the growth factor-like domain","volume":"34","author":"Baumk\u00f6tter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.208","article-title":"Rural and urban residence during early life is associated with a lower risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based inception and birth cohort study","volume":"112","author":"Benchimol","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00074","article-title":"Impact of cigarette smoking on the gastrointestinal tract inflammation: opposing effects in crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"9","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00381.x","article-title":"Population-based case control study of potential risk factors for IBD","volume":"101","author":"Bernstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2221813","article-title":"Systemic exposure to bacterial amyloid curli alters the gut mucosal immune response and the microbiome, exacerbating salmonella-induced arthritis","volume":"15","author":"Bessho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5062","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt189","article-title":"Characterizing TDP-43 interaction with its RNA targets","volume":"41","author":"Bhardwaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2020.12.004","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species in the progression of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Bhatt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Discovery Today"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150211","article-title":"MicroRNA-34\u03b1-mediated down-regulation of the microglial-enriched triggering receptor and phagocytosis-sensor TREM2 in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"11","author":"Bhattacharjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091438","article-title":"PMEL amyloid fibril formation: the bright steps of pigmentation","volume":"17","author":"Bissig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00080","article-title":"ALS pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches: the role of mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles","volume":"11","author":"Bonafede","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193202","article-title":"Increased fecal calprotectin levels in crohn\u2019s disease correlate with elevated serum Th1- and Th17-associated cytokines","volume":"13","author":"Bourgonje","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D352","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac882","article-title":"AmyloGraph: A comprehensive database of amyloid-amyloid interactions","volume":"51","author":"Burdukiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072409","article-title":"Perinatal and antibiotic exposures and the risk of developing childhood-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A nested case-control study based on a population-based birth cohort","volume":"17","author":"Canova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.104113","article-title":"The gut virome: A new microbiome component in health and disease","volume":"81","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"key":"B27","first-page":"203","article-title":"The gut-brain axis: interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems","volume":"28","author":"Carabotti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.025239","article-title":"Antibiotic use and the development of crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"53","author":"Card","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12102","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i34.12102","article-title":"Infectious etiopathogenesis of crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Carri\u00e8re","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1055914","article-title":"The role of Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease and the research progress","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13062099","article-title":"Regulation of neurotransmitters by the gut microbiota and effects on cognition in neurological disorders","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.916066","article-title":"TREGking from gut to brain: the control of regulatory T cells along the gut-brain axis","volume":"13","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415533","article-title":"Huntingtin and other neurodegeneration-associated proteins in the development of intracellular pathologies: potential target search for therapeutic intervention","volume":"23","author":"Churkina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-215224","article-title":"Relationship between the gut microbiota and alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Cordero","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1111\/ajg.2008.103.issue-9","article-title":"The risk of oral contraceptives in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Cornish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.04.061","article-title":"High prevalence of adherent-invasive escherichia coli associated with ileal mucosa in crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"127","author":"Darfeuille-Michaud","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3233\/AIAD220010","article-title":"Bacterial amyloid curli associated gut epithelial neuroendocrine activation predominantly observed in alzheimer\u2019s disease mice with central amyloid-\u03b2 Pathology","volume":"9","author":"Das","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013131","article-title":"Flare-ups in crohn\u2019s disease: influence of stress and the external locus of control","volume":"19","author":"de Dios-Duarte","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-023-03305-0","article-title":"Association between inflammatory bowel disease and viral infections","volume":"80","author":"Dehghani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13503","article-title":"Effects of cerebral amyloid angiopathy on the brain vasculome","volume":"21","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000433","article-title":"HIV and aging: role of the microbiome","volume":"13","author":"Desai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. HIV AIDS"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2021.11.008","article-title":"Candida tropicalis infection modulates the gut microbiome and confers enhanced susceptibility to colitis in mice","volume":"13","author":"Di Martino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cmgh"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1082871","article-title":"Role of cystatin C in urogenital Malignancy","volume":"13","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1190172","article-title":"Comparison of the gut virus communities between patients with crohn\u2019s disease and healthy individuals","volume":"14","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.714179","article-title":"Warm, sweetened milk at the twilight of immunity - alzheimer\u2019s disease - inflammaging, insulin resistance, M. Paratuberculosis and immunosenescence","volume":"12","author":"Dow","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266533","article-title":"Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis and microbiome profile of patients in a referral gastrointestinal diseases centre in the Sudan","volume":"17","author":"Elmagzoub","year":"2022","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02262.x","article-title":"Effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study","volume":"95","author":"Felder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abo2984","article-title":"Gut microbiome composition may be an indicator of preclinical Alzheimer's disease","volume":"15","author":"Ferreiro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2017.03.001","article-title":"Stress & the gut-brain axis: regulation by the microbiome","volume":"7","author":"Foster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Stress"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13780","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706625104","article-title":"Molecular-phylogenetic characterization of microbial community imbalances in human inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"104","author":"Frank","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158780","article-title":"On the aggregation of apolipoprotein A-I","volume":"23","author":"Frankel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006654","article-title":"The role of microbial amyloid in neurodegeneration","volume":"13","author":"Friedland","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010078","article-title":"Bacterial DNAemia in alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment: association with cognitive decline, plasma BDNF levels, and inflammatory response","volume":"24","author":"Giacconi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-020-01474-7","article-title":"Human gut microbiota\/microbiome in health and diseases: A review","volume":"113","author":"Gomaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Int. J. Gen. Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2025-2","article-title":"Pathway paradigms revealed from the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"578","author":"Graham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.173","article-title":"Surfactant proteins in pediatric interstitial lung disease","volume":"79","author":"Griese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"year":"1996","author":"Gruber","key":"B57"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7247238","article-title":"A comprehensive review and update on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"2019","author":"Guan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2022.01.003","article-title":"Renal amyloidosis: presentation, diagnosis, and management","volume":"135","author":"Gurung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv149","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus sepsis in a young woman with crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Haag","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Crohns. Colitis"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-003-0484-1","article-title":"Association of inflammatory bowel disease with indicators for childhood antigen and infection exposure","volume":"18","author":"Hampe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Colorectal Dis."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112343","article-title":"Composition of intestinal flora affects the risk relationship between alzheimer\u2019s disease\/parkinson\u2019s disease and cancer","volume":"145","author":"Hang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-022-00232-8","article-title":"Localization and movement of tregs in gastrointestinal tract: A systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Harada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.115.010629","article-title":"Amylin: pharmacology, physiology, and clinical potential","author":"Hay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-45929-z","article-title":"Gut inflammation associated with age and alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology: A human cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Heston","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520801971736","article-title":"Early-life exposures associated with antibiotic use and risk of subsequent crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Hildebrand","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.3c00223","article-title":"Altered secretion, constitution, and functional properties of the gastrointestinal mucus in a rat model of sporadic alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Homolak","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.v14i1","article-title":"Gut microbiota in patients with alzheimer\u2019s disease spectrum: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Hung","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging (Albany. NY)."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/003655901750170489","article-title":"Smokeless nicotinergic stimulation of vasopressin secretion in patients with persisting nocturnal enuresis and controls","volume":"35","author":"Hunsballe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol."},{"year":"","key":"B70"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzac107","article-title":"The intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in association with advanced metrics of glycemia and adiposity among young adults with type 1 diabetes and overweight or obesity","volume":"6","author":"Igudesman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21653","article-title":"Expert insights: the potential role of the gut microbiome-bile acid-brain axis in the development and progression of alzheimer\u2019s disease and hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"40","author":"Jia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2012.01.010","article-title":"Prolonged elevation in hippocampal A\u03b2 and cognitive deficits following repeated endotoxin exposure in the mouse","volume":"229","author":"Kahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.86939.3.sa3","article-title":"Pathologic polyglutamine aggregation begins with a self-poisoning polymer crystal","volume":"12","author":"Kandola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-023-00257-7","article-title":"Increased neutrophils in inflammatory bowel disease accelerate the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the mouse model of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Kaneko","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Regen."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.220531","article-title":"Insulin-derived amyloidosis","volume":"194","author":"Kano","year":"2022","journal-title":"C. Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.05.006","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk genes and mechanisms of disease pathogenesis","volume":"77","author":"Karch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.02.017","article-title":"Association between level of fecal calprotectin and progression of crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Kennedy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab162","article-title":"Risk of neurodegenerative diseases in patients with sleep disorders: A nationwide population-based case-control study","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8843","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2868-05.2005","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation exacerbates tau pathology by a cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated pathway in a transgenic model of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Kitazawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00288","article-title":"The regulation of microRNAs in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Kou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.15586\/CODONPUBLICATIONS.PARKINSONSDISEASE.2018.CH1","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: etiology, neuropathology, and pathogenesis","author":"Kouli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Park. Dis. Pathog. Clin. Asp."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17020189","article-title":"Molecular pathological classification of neurodegenerative diseases: turning towards precision medicine","volume":"17","author":"Kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802395-2.00021-3","article-title":"Concepts and classification of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"145","author":"Kovacs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handb. Clin. Neurol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6134","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i46.6134","article-title":"Smoking in inflammatory bowel diseases: good, bad or ugly","volume":"13","author":"Lakatos","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00563.x","article-title":"True or false? The hygiene hypothesis for crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"101","author":"Lashner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.005","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis and crohn\u2019s disease have similar burden and goals for treatment","volume":"18","author":"Le Berre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804024-9.00021-5","article-title":"The viruses of the gut microbiota","author":"Lecuit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiota Gastrointest. Pathophysiol. Implic. Hum. Heal. Prebiotics Probiotics Dysbiosis"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2014.1786","article-title":"Cigarette smoking and gastrointestinal diseases: the causal relationship and underlying molecular mechanisms (Review)","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-022-00317-7","article-title":"P53 amyloid aggregation in cancer: function, mechanism, and therapy","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.846005","article-title":"Effects of ulcerative colitis and crohn\u2019s disease on neurodegenerative diseases: A Mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v14.i1.15","article-title":"Association between inflammatory bowel disease and all-cause dementia: A two-sample mendelian randomization study","volume":"14","author":"Liao","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.962681","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of dementia: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"B94","article-title":"Gastrointestinal (GI)-tract microbiome derived neurotoxins and their potential contribution to inflammatory neurodegeneration in alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)","volume":"11","author":"Lukiw","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. Park."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-024-00404-1","article-title":"Therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases by targeting the gut microbiome: from bench to bedside","volume":"13","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00820-1","article-title":"Pathophysiology and treatment of non-motor dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"35","author":"Mahoney","year":"2021","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212280","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in memory and cognitive decline associated with aging and alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Maity","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006247","article-title":"Biochemistry and cell biology of tau protein in neurofibrillary degeneration","volume":"3","author":"Mandelkow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8590578","article-title":"The role of reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of alzheimer\u2019s disease, parkinson\u2019s disease, and huntington\u2019s disease: A mini review","volume":"2016","author":"Manoharan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315865","article-title":"S100A9 links inflammation and repair in myocardial infarction","volume":"127","author":"Marinkovi\u0107","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200306","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids and lipopolysaccharide as mediators between gut dysbiosis and amyloid pathology in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"78","author":"Marizzoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s30","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.18-2-s30","article-title":"Cardiac amiloidosis","volume":"18","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Naharro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Med. (Northfield. Il)."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.23595","article-title":"Impaired selection of IgA and intestinal dysbiosis associated with PD-1-deficiency","volume":"4","author":"Maruya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219856620","article-title":"Conformational studies of pathogenic expanded polyglutamine protein deposits from huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"244","author":"Matlahov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.01.008","article-title":"The paradigm of amyloid precursor protein in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the potential role of the 682 YENPTY 687 motif","volume":"21","author":"Matrone","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05259-y","article-title":"The \u0393\u03b4 IEL effector API5 masks genetic susceptibility to paneth cell death","volume":"610","author":"Matsuzawa-Ishimoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115118","article-title":"Gelsolin-related amyloidosis. Identification of the amyloid protein in finnish hereditary amyloidosis as a fragment of variant gelsolin","volume":"87","author":"Maury","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00391-2","article-title":"Amyloid-like inclusions in huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"100","author":"McGowan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2015.1093931","article-title":"Mycobacterium paratuberculosis as a cause of crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"McNees","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/NU13010037","article-title":"The microbiota-gut-brain axis and alzheimer\u2019s disease: neuroinflammation is to blame","volume":"13","author":"Megur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2019.03.001","article-title":"\u03b1-synuclein misfolding and aggregation: implications in parkinson\u2019s disease pathogenesis","volume":"1867","author":"Mehra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Proteins Proteomics"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.638867","article-title":"Microbiome or infections: amyloid-containing biofilms as a trigger for complex human diseases","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-00943-4","article-title":"Transmission of ALS pathogenesis by the cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"8","author":"Mishra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3040","article-title":"The antimicrobial protection hypothesis of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Moir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21436","article-title":"Highlighting new phylogenetic specificities of crohn\u2019s disease microbiota","volume":"17","author":"Mondot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2013.00070","article-title":"The microbiota-gut-brain axis: neurobehavioral correlates, health and sociality","volume":"7","author":"Montiel-Castro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Integr. Neurosci."},{"year":"","key":"B117"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-210608","article-title":"Bile acids as key modulators of the brain-gut-microbiota axis in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"84","author":"Mulak","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205019666211222115142","article-title":"Association of dietary prebiotic consumption with reduced risk of alzheimer\u2019s disease in a multiethnic population","volume":"18","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18030582","article-title":"Higher levels of serum zonulin may rather be associated with increased risk of obesity and hyperlipidemia, than with gastrointestinal symptoms or disease manifestations","volume":"18","author":"Ohlsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314352","article-title":"Fetal and early life antibiotics exposure and very early onset inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based study","volume":"68","author":"\u00d6rtqvist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.06.019","article-title":"Parenchymal cystatin C focal deposits and glial scar formation around brain arteries in hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy","volume":"1622","author":"Osk Snorradottir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249770","article-title":"Leaky gut and autoimmunity: an intricate balance in individuals health and the diseased state","volume":"21","author":"Paray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02231","article-title":"Mimicry of central-peripheral immunity in alzheimer\u2019s disease and discovery of neurodegenerative roles in neutrophil","volume":"10","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/362553a0","article-title":"Human lysozyme gene mutations cause hereditary systemic amyloidosis","volume":"362","author":"Pepys","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/BIOM11020195","article-title":"Epigenetics of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"11","author":"Perkovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13062-020-00280-5","article-title":"Pathophysiology of crohn\u2019s disease inflammation and recurrence","volume":"15","author":"Petagna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Direct"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27150","article-title":"Neuromuscular amyloidosis: unmasking the master of disguise","volume":"64","author":"Pinto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5539","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.v12i6","article-title":"Gut microbiota and pro\/prebiotics in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Pluta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.281","article-title":"Mucolytic bacteria with increased prevalence in IBD mucosa augment in vitro utilization of mucin by other bacteria","volume":"105","author":"Png","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3624","article-title":"Contact with farm animals in early life and juvenile inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study","volume":"120","author":"Radon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"volume-title":"Crohn disease","year":"2023","author":"Ranasinghe;","key":"B132"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)02315-X","article-title":"Gelsolin inhibits the fibrillization of amyloid beta-protein, and also defibrillizes its preformed fibrils","volume":"853","author":"Ray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.5.2889","article-title":"Cells express \u03917-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits that require a functional TCR and leukocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase for nicotine-induced ca2+ Response","volume":"179","author":"Razani-Boroujerdi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.2015.1002469","article-title":"Genetic diagnosis and prognosis of alzheimer\u2019s disease: challenges and opportunities","volume":"15","author":"Reitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v17.i6.743","article-title":"Perinatal and early life risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"17","author":"Roberts","year":"2011","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161149","article-title":"Recent progress in alzheimer\u2019s disease research, part 2: genetics and epidemiology","volume":"57","author":"Robinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.04.003","article-title":"Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"73","author":"Ruberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-85544-0.00006-X","article-title":"Chapter 1 - aetiology and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders","volume-title":"Nanomedical drug deliv. Neurodegener. Dis","author":"Sahoo","year":"2022"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020347","article-title":"Histone modifications in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Santana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.012.Roles","article-title":"Roles for intestinal bacteria, viruses, and fungi in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and therapeutic approaches","volume":"152","author":"Sartor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2018.10.15.2","article-title":"Evaluation of invasive intra-abdominal candidiasis in crohn disease at the time of surgery","volume":"36","author":"\u0160a\u0161ala","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Coloproctol."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309333","article-title":"Dysbiotic gut microbiota causes transmissible crohn\u2019s disease-like ileitis independent of failure in antimicrobial defence","volume":"65","author":"Schaubeck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.5.741","article-title":"Epidemiologic analysis of Crohn disease in Japan: increased dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and animal protein relates to the increased incidence of Crohn disease in Japan","volume":"63","author":"Shoda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2019.05.001","article-title":"Effect of amyloid curli fibrils and curli csgA monomers from escherichia coli on in vitro model of intestinal epithelial barrier stimulated with cytokines","volume":"309","author":"Sobieszcza\u0144ska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105840","article-title":"The role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders","volume":"172","author":"Soca\u0142a","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20392","article-title":"Analysis of bacterial bowel communities of IBD patients: what has it revealed","volume":"14","author":"Sokol","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01232-7","article-title":"Entorhinal cortex epigenome-wide association study highlights four novel loci showing differential methylation in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Sommerer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i6.340","article-title":"Primary hepatic amyloidosis: A case report and review of literature","volume":"8","author":"Sonthalia","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094476","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation derived from alzheimer\u2019s disease mice worsens brain trauma outcomes in wild-type controls","volume":"23","author":"Soriano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B151","unstructured":""},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2016.1251384","article-title":"Zonulin, a regulator of epithelial and endothelial barrier functions, and its involvement in chronic inflammatory diseases","volume":"4","author":"Sturgeon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4209","DOI":"10.1113\/JP279919","article-title":"Intra-gastrointestinal amyloid-\u03921\u201342 oligomers perturb enteric function and induce alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology","volume":"598","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2016.02.044","article-title":"Serum amyloid A1: structure, function and gene polymorphism","volume":"583","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13691","article-title":"The clinical symptoms of parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"139","author":"Sveinbjornsdottir","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28073034","article-title":"Cornus mas L. extract targets the specific molecules of the Th17\/Treg developmental pathway in TNBS-Induced experimental colitis in rats","volume":"28","author":"Szandruk-bender","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179897","article-title":"Targeting lineage-specific transcription factors and cytokines of the Th17\/Treg axis by novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]Pyridazinone attenuates TNBS-induced experimental colitis","volume":"23","author":"Szandruk-Bender","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11133704","article-title":"The risk of developing alzheimer\u2019s disease and parkinson\u2019s disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Szandruk-Bender","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.5604\/00325449","article-title":"The role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"73","author":"Szewczyk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Postepy Hig. Med. Dosw."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.11.034","article-title":"Probiotic and selenium co-supplementation, and the effects on clinical, metabolic and genetic status in alzheimer\u2019s disease: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Tamtaji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.2c00712","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide associated with cardiovascular diseases inhibits amyloid-\u03b2 Aggregation via cross-seeding","volume":"14","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000666","article-title":"Glypican-1 mediates both prion protein lipid raft association and disease isoform formation","volume":"5","author":"Taylor","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NRL.2015.08.002","article-title":"Early- and late-onset alzheimer disease: are they the same entity","volume":"33","author":"Tellechea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurologia"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59364-x","article-title":"Bacterial DNA promotes tau aggregation","volume":"10","author":"Tetz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9061301","article-title":"Bacterial extracellular dna promotes \u03b2-amyloid aggregation","volume":"9","author":"Tetz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201802095","article-title":"The cell biology of systemic insulin function","volume":"217","author":"Tokarz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.12108","article-title":"Clinical and pathologic characteristics of hereditary apolipoprotein A-I amyloidosis in Ireland","volume":"18","author":"Traynor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"B168","first-page":"32","article-title":"Alzheimer \u2019 s Disease Diagnostics And Therapeutics Market. [Enfermedad de Alzheimer: Patogenia, Diagn\u00f3stico y Terap\u00e9utica]","volume":"160","author":"Trejo-Lopez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i2.105","article-title":"Role of genetics in the diagnosis and prognosis of crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Tsianos","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2020.110812","article-title":"Factors affecting early-life intestinal microbiota development","volume":"78","author":"Vandenplas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12051709","article-title":"Advances in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"12","author":"Van Schependom","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13249","article-title":"Structure, function and toxicity of alpha-synuclein: the Bermuda triangle in synucleinopathies","volume":"139","author":"Villar-Piqu\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13601-y","article-title":"Gut microbiome alterations in alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"Vogt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2022.110610","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease: A potential pathogenic factor of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"119","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39162-x","article-title":"\u03922-microglobulin and colorectal cancer among inpatients: A case\u2013control study","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.113","article-title":"The role of amyloid oligomers in neurodegenerative pathologies","volume":"181","author":"Wells","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.145","article-title":"Atomic structures of IAPP (Amylin) fusions suggest a mechanism for fibrillation and the role of insulin in the process","volume":"18","author":"Wiltzius","year":"2009","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2011.03.011","article-title":"Amyloid in neurodegenerative diseases: friend or foe","volume":"22","author":"Wolfe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.09.017","article-title":"What is new in lysozyme research and its application in food industry? A review","volume":"274","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1281233","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation: A novel strategy for treating alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Xiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.1082575","article-title":"Association of inflammatory bowel disease and related medication exposure with risk of alzheimer\u2019s disease: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Xing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07523.x","article-title":"Phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau by AMPK-related kinases","volume":"120","author":"Yoshida","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.09.020","article-title":"TDP-43 triggers mitochondrial DNA release via MPTP to activate CGAS\/STING in ALS","volume":"183","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.05.23.22275264","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative disorders: integrated evidence from mendelian randomization, shared genetic architecture and transcriptomics","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004048","article-title":"Author response: gram-negative bacterial molecules associate with alzheimer disease pathology","volume":"88","author":"Zhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-022-04131-9","article-title":"The risk of dementia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Color. Dis."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2021.15","article-title":"The epidemiology of alzheimer\u2019s disease modifiable risk factors and prevention","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.317981","article-title":"Association between inflammatory bowel diseases and parkinson\u2019s disease: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.03.012","article-title":"Macrophage-restricted interleukin-10 receptor deficiency, but not IL-10 deficiency, causes severe spontaneous colitis","volume":"40","author":"Zigmond","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1393809\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T04:30:01Z","timestamp":1715142601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1393809\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"references-count":189,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1393809"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1393809","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2235-2988"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]]},"article-number":"1393809"}}