{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:32:03Z","timestamp":1789000323731,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infection of ruminants such as cattle with <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic> subsp<jats:italic>. paratuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (MAP) causes Johne\u2019s disease, a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the small intestine and diarrhoea. Infection with MAP is acquired via the faecal-to-oral route and the pathogen initially invades the epithelial lining of the small intestine. In this study we used an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> 3D mouse enteroid model to determine the influence of M cells in infection of the gut epithelia by MAP, in comparison with another bacterial intestinal pathogen of veterinary importance, <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Typhimurium. The differentiation of M cells in the enteroid cultures was induced by stimulation with the cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB ligand (RANKL), and the effects on MAP and <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> uptake and intracellular survival were determined. The presence of M cells in the cultures correlated with increased uptake and intracellular survival of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>, but had no effect on MAP. Interestingly neither pathogen was observed to preferentially accumulate within GP2-positive M cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1416537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T04:35:55Z","timestamp":1720413355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Differential role of M cells in enteroid infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Omar A.","family":"Alfituri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Blake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsty","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil A.","family":"Mabbott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayne","family":"Hope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne M.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.04.002","article-title":"The intestinal epithelium: central coordinator of mucosal immunity","volume":"39","author":"Allaire","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-017-1531-7","article-title":"Stem cell-derived organoids and their application for medical research and patient treatment","volume":"95","author":"Bartfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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