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The most probable and analyzable mechanism through which viruses influence the onset of mental illnesses is the inflammation they provoke. Both infections and mental illnesses share a common characteristic: an imbalance in inflammatory factors. In this study, we sought to analyze and compare cytokine profiles in individuals infected with viruses and those suffering from mental illnesses. The objective was to determine whether specific viral diseases can increase the risk of specific mental disorders and whether this risk can be predicted based on the cytokine profile of the viral disease. To this end, we reviewed existing literature, constructed cytokine profiles for various mental and viral diseases, and conducted comparative analyses. The collected data indicate that the risk of developing a specific mental illness cannot be determined solely based on cytokine profiles. However, it was observed that the combination of IL-8 and IL-10 is frequently associated with psychotic symptoms. Therefore, to assess the risk of mental disorders in infected patients, it is imperative to consider the type of virus, the mental complications commonly associated with it, the predominant cytokines to evaluate the risk of psychotic symptoms, and additional patient-specific risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1423739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T05:10:23Z","timestamp":1723612223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Viral infections in etiology of mental disorders: a broad analysis of cytokine profile similarities \u2013 a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Lorkiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Napoleon","family":"Waszkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Prevent the spread of CMV","year":"2022"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Herpes simplex virus","year":"2023"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"WHO coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard","year":""},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000178750.84837.ed","article-title":"Transfer of proinflammatory cytokines across term placenta","volume":"106","author":"Aaltonen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.20.10995-11006.2004","article-title":"Major human cytomegalovirus structural protein pp65 (ppUL83) prevents interferon response factor 3 activation in the interferon response","volume":"78","author":"Abate","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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