{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T06:17:27Z","timestamp":1774937847314,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009553","name":"Agentura Pro Zdravotnick\u00fd V\u00fdzkum \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NU23J-09-00067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU23J-09-00067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LX22NPO5103, PE00000007, INF-ACT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LX22NPO5103, PE00000007, INF-ACT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fosfomycin (FOS) is an effective antibiotic against multidrug-resistant <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>, but its effectiveness is reducing. Little is known on the current prevalence of FosA enzymes in low-risk pathogens, such as <jats:italic>Citrobacter freundii<\/jats:italic>. The aim of the study was the molecular characterization of a carbapenemase- and FosA-producing <jats:italic>C. freundii<\/jats:italic> collected in Italy. AK867, collected in 2023, showed an XDR profile, retaining susceptibility only to colistin. AK867 showed a FOS MIC &amp;gt;128 mg\/L by ADM. Based on WGS, AK867 belonged to ST116 and owned a wide resistome, including <jats:italic>fosA3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>KPC-2, and <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>VIM-1. <jats:italic>fosA3<\/jats:italic> was carried by a conjugative pKPC-CAV1312 plasmid of 320,480 bp, on a novel composite transposon (12,907 bp). FosA3 transposon shared similarities with other <jats:italic>fosA3<\/jats:italic>-harboring pKPC-CAV1312 plasmids among <jats:italic>Citrobacter<\/jats:italic> spp. We report the first case of FosA3 production in clinical carbapenemase-producing <jats:italic>C.\u00a0freundii<\/jats:italic> ST116. The incidence of FosA3 enzymes is increasing among <jats:italic>Enterobacterales<\/jats:italic>, affecting even low-virulence pathogens, as <jats:italic>C. freundii<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1447933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T06:08:22Z","timestamp":1722924502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["FosA3 emerging in clinical carbapenemase-producing C. freundii"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vittoria","family":"Mattioni Marchetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Venturelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Cassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Meschiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Migliavacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Bitar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9080500","article-title":"Fosfomycin as partner drug for systemic infection management. 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