{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:13:23Z","timestamp":1793319203194,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Panama is a country with endemic Dengue virus (DENV) transmission since its reintroduction in 1993. The four serotypes have circulated in the country and the region of the Americas, however, DENV-4 confirmed autochthonous cases have not been identified since 2000, despite its circulation in neighboring countries. Here, we report DENV-4 detection in Panama in the last four-month period of 2023 with co-circulation of the other serotypes, this was associated with a peak of dengue cases during the dry season even though most dengue outbreaks are described in the rainy season. Complete genomes of DENV-4 allowed us to determine that cases were caused by DENV-4 genotype IIb, the same genotype as 23 years ago, with high similarity to DENV-4 sequences circulating in Nicaragua and El Salvador during 2023. This report shows the importance of maintaining serotype and genotype surveillance for early detection of new variants circulating in the country.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1467465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T01:10:29Z","timestamp":1727745029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Detection of dengue virus serotype 4 in Panama after 23 years without circulation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Chen-Germ\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimelza","family":"Ara\u00faz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celestino","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Gondola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizbeth","family":"Cerezo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jairo","family":"Mendez-Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Pascale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"L\u00f3pez-Verg\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brechla","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.12.19.23300208","article-title":"Dengue virus transmission in Italy: surveillance and epidemiological trends up to 2023","author":"Branda","year":"2023","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0770","article-title":"The history of dengue outbreaks in the Americas","volume":"87","author":"Brathwaite Dick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. 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Ministerio de Salud de Panam\u00e1\n          \n          2024"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3006.231553","article-title":"Introduction of new dengue virus lineages of multiple serotypes after COVID-19 pandemic, Nicaragua 2022","volume":"30","author":"Cerpas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. 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