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Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a critical concern in pediatric onco-hematological patients undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), leading to a major impact on morbidity, long-term hospitalization, and mortality. We retrospectively analyzed 202 BSIs in 145 patients, consisting of 128 with hematological malignancies, one with a solid tumor, and 16 with non-malignant hematological diseases. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antimicrobial pathogen susceptibility. Gram-positive infections were the most frequent at (58.4%), followed by gram-negative (41%), and fungal infections (0.5%). Particularly, the majority of these infections occurred during the induction phase of chemotherapy, where 94 (46.5%) BSI episodes were recorded, predominantly in neutropenic patients (88.3%). The consolidation phase experienced lower BSIs (11.8%); among these patients (54.1%) were non-neutropenic. BSIs observed in (23.7%) of patients in the maintenance phase, with a higher proportion (66.6%) being neutropenic. Among the 7 patients who underwent HSCT, BSIs occurred in (4.9%) cases, mainly (70%) due to neutropenia. The most prevalent pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.8%), Staphylococcus hominis (16.3%), and Escherichia coli (8.4%). The study highlights the critical need for vigilant monitoring and customized infection management strategies to enhance patient outcomes across chemotherapy phases and HSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1480952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T06:46:15Z","timestamp":1733294775000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bloodstream infections in pediatric hematology\/oncology patients: a single-center study in Wuhan"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ibrahim Ahmed Saleh","family":"Murshed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizhen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.12.006","article-title":"Epidemiology and source of infection in patients with febrile neutropenia: A ten-year longitudinal study","volume":"12","author":"Al-Tawfiq","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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