{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T05:06:06Z","timestamp":1793163966238,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Endometrial cancer (EC) is a significant gynecological malignancy with increasing incidence worldwide. Emerging evidence highlights the role of the uterine microbiome in the pathogenesis of EC. This study aims to characterize the uterine microbiome in EC patients and identify potential microbial biomarkers, with a focus on\n                      <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a differentiating taxon.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The endocervical canal swabs from patients with EC (n=16) and non-cancerous patients (EM, n=13) were collected. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Illumina platform. Bioinformatic analyses were performed with QIIME2, and statistical comparisons were conducted to assess differences in microbial composition and diversity.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      experiments were conducted to assess the functional impact of\n                      <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      on human uterine fibroblasts, including its ability to adhere to the human cells and induce oxidative stress.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The \u03b1-diversity metrics, including Shannon entropy and observed amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), revealed significantly higher microbial diversity in EC samples compared to EM.\n                      <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was identified as a key taxon differentiating EC from EM groups, showing a higher relative abundance in EC samples. Functional predictions and\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      assays indicated that\n                      <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      may contribute to carcinogenesis by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and has the high ability to adhere to the human endometrial fibroblasts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study provides evidence of distinct microbial signatures in EC, with\n                      <jats:italic>Anaerococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      emerging as a potential biomarker. The\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      findings suggest its role in endometrial carcinogenesis, underscoring its potential as a target for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1511625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T01:53:28Z","timestamp":1738115608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A comprehensive analysis of the uterine microbiome in endometrial cancer patients - identification of Anaerococcus as a potential biomarker and carcinogenic cofactor"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"Ku\u017amycz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Bolanowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Drozdzowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Lach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wiktoria","family":"Wierzbi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kluz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"St\u0105czek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy012","article-title":"How uterine microbiota might be responsible for a receptive, fertile endometrium","volume":"24","author":"Benner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. 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