{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T00:14:20Z","timestamp":1789776860603,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is one of the important pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and P1 adhesin serves as a pathogenic protein and an immune protein involved in the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. The aim of this study was to investigate the P1 adhesin genotype in <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and its association with disease severity in patients with CAP from 2017 to 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> was identified in patient samples by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The P1 genotypes of samples were determined using a culture-independent P1 typing method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 1,907 clinical samples were collected from 13 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, Shenyang, and Baotou, including 1488 samples from children and 419 from adults. Of these, 820 samples (43.00%), including 777 from children and 43 from adults, were positive for <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. 797 samples were successfully typed using the culture-independent P1 typing method (P1-1, 605; P1- 2, 192). The <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> detection rate and P1-1 detection rate differed significantly between children and adults (both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01), with P1-1 remaining the dominant genotype. The proportion of P1-2 samples increased in children from 16.75% in 2017 to 28.76% in 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>No relationship between the P1 genotype and disease severity was identified. Monitoring the genotype changes of P1 adhesin in local populations may positively impact the epidemiological prevention and control of <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1513177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T06:48:01Z","timestamp":1739774881000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["P1 adhesin genotype characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in China from 2017 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shirong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiwei","family":"Dou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruijie","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deli","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00129.x","article-title":"Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis and laboratory detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections","volume":"32","author":"Atkinson","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. 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