{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T01:16:35Z","timestamp":1776993395286,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> is the most prevalent opportunistic fungal pathogen. Both <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> studies have demonstrated that genome plasticity is a hallmark of <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>. While aneuploidy formation is a well-documented adaptive mechanism under various stress conditions, the response to brefeldin A\u2014a compound that induces endoplasmic reticulum stress\u2014remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> adapts to subinhibitory and inhibitory concentrations of brefeldin A, primarily through the formation of chromosome 3 trisomy. These aneuploid strains were found to be unstable, reverting to euploidy in the absence of stress, accompanied by a loss of brefeldin A tolerance. We identified at least two genes on chromosome 3, <jats:italic>SEC7<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CDR1<\/jats:italic>, that contribute to this adaptive response. Notably, higher concentrations of brefeldin A selected for strains with increasingly complex aneuploidies. Our findings underscore the remarkable genomic plasticity of <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> and reveal aneuploidy as a reversible mechanism for adapting to brefeldin A stress. This study provides new insights into the role of aneuploidy in fungal adaptation and offers potential implications for understanding drug resistance mechanisms in pathogenic fungi.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1562726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T06:06:38Z","timestamp":1745820398000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Aneuploidy enables adaptation to brefeldin A in Candida albicans"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Weifang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yubo","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-014-0100-8","article-title":"YMAP: a pipeline for visualization of copy number variation and loss of heterozygosity in eukaryotic pathogens","volume":"6","author":"Abbey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9586","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1804264115","article-title":"Genetic screen identifies adaptive aneuploidy as a key mediator of ER stress resistance in yeast","volume":"115","author":"Beaupere","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. 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