{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:22:36Z","timestamp":1793247756205,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":240,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND), including postoperative delirium, preoperatively cognitive impairment, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and delayed neurocognitive recovery, represent common complications following anesthesia and surgery, especially in the elderly. As the global population ages, PND is receiving increasing attention due to its prolonged the hospitalization, reduced quality of life and elevated mortality rate. A growing body of evidence has been suggested that the gut-brain axis, a communication system between the gut microbiota and the neuroinflammation, plays a critical role in the development and progression of cognitive impairment. Perioperative interventions, including anesthesia, surgical stress, result in gut microbiota dysbiosis and subsequently trigger neuroinflammation. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanistic associations between the gut microbiota and the neuroinflammation during PND progression. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge on the mechanistic interplay between gut microbiota dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in PND pathogenesis, which provide reasonable and novel therapeutic approaches targeting the gut-brain axis for PND.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1582909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T05:27:31Z","timestamp":1751866051000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Role of gut microbiota in neuroinflammation: a focus on perioperative neurocognitive disorders"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Qun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongnan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.12.288","article-title":"Pattern recognition receptor signaling and cytokine networks in microbial defenses and regulation of intestinal barriers: implications for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"162","author":"Abraham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.021","article-title":"Surgery, neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment","volume":"37","author":"Alam","year":"2018","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat0473","article-title":"Glia as architects of central nervous system formation and function","volume":"362","author":"Allen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2100737","article-title":"Transcriptomic profiling identifies CD8(+) T cells in the brain of aged and Alzheimer\u2019s disease transgenic mice as tissue-resident memory T cells","volume":"209","author":"Altendorfer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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