{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:23:31Z","timestamp":1793381011795,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic> represents a group of bacteria that exhibit significant value in industrial and agricultural applications, while also posing pathogenic risks to humans. 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> was isolated from a patient with tuberculous pleurisy. Its 16S rRNA sequence showed the highest homology (99.72%) with a <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic> strain without defined species classification. It is necessary to clarify the species 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> belonging to and its potential pathogenicity to humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematical evaluations including phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, antibiotic susceptibility, genomic sequencing were conducted. The pathogenicity and immunological characteristics were tested by intranasally inoculated C57BL\/6J mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> is Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium with flagella at single extreme. Showing highly similar with <jats:italic>S. maltophilia<\/jats:italic>, 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> also displayed distinct characteristic peaks in fatty acid profiling and MALDI-TOF analysis. 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> was resistance to 21 antibiotics, including four anti-tuberculosis drugs: rifampicin, streptomycin, rifabutin, and cycloserine. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> compared to defined <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic> species ranged from 80.03% to 89.6%, below than both the commonly accepted 95%-96% ANI threshold for prokaryote species and the 95% threshold suggested for <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic>. Though no mortality was observed, 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> could cause severe consolidation in murine lung tissue and has the ability of hematogenous dissemination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results supported the classification of 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> (=GDMCC 1.4133<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup>) as a novel species within the genus <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic>, for which the name <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis<\/jats:italic> sp. nov. is proposed. 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> is a multi-antibiotic resistance strain with potentially stronger pathogenicity than <jats:italic>S. maltophilia<\/jats:italic> and requires more clinical attention. The isolation of 704A1<jats:sup>T<\/jats:sup> underscored the importance of sustained surveillance and taxonomic clarity of <jats:italic>Stenotrophomonas<\/jats:italic> species emerging from clinical environments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1629703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]],"date-time":"2025-08-07T06:20:48Z","timestamp":1754547648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Stenotrophomonas tuberculopleuritidis sp. nov., a novel pathogenic Stenotrophomonas species isolated from tuberculous pleurisy patient"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zelin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruibai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0186","article-title":"The functions of thioredoxin 1 in neurodegeneration","volume":"36","author":"Awan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxid. 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