{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:43:16Z","timestamp":1787503396119,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by various factors, including the gut microbiota. However, the relationship between the gastric microbiota and obesity remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the composition of gastric microbiota, excluding\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      , in relation to body mass index (BMI) and metabolic indicators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty participants undergoing health checkups were classified into three groups\u2014normal weight (BMI 18.5\u201322.9), overweight (BMI 23.0\u201324.9), and obese (BMI \u226525.0)\u2014with ten individuals per group. Those with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, atrophic gastritis, or intestinal metaplasia were excluded. Gastric microbiota from four antral biopsies per subject were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and functional profiling by metagenomic prediction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alpha diversity (Gini\u2013Simpson index) was significantly lower in the combined overweight\/obese group than that in the normal group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.049). Beta diversity analysis revealed clear group separation (Bray\u2013Curtis,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.005; unweighted UniFrac,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.004). Significant species differences between the groups were observed; specifically, the abundances of\n                      <jats:italic>Muribaculum gordoncarteri<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Turicibacter bilis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>Duncaniella dubosii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , were significantly reduced in the overweight\/obese group. Functional predictions showed differential enrichment of pathways related to fatty acid, amino acid, vitamin, and carbohydrate metabolism across BMI categories. These findings suggest that alterations in the gastric microbiota may be linked to obesity and metabolic dysregulation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1651316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T05:26:29Z","timestamp":1757395589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of the gastric microbiota based on body mass index using 16S rRNA gene sequencing"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sang Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Bae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Animal Science, Kangwon National University College of Animal Life Sciences","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Institute of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Chul","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Joo","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunseok","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University College of Medicine","place":["Chuncheon, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han Jo","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Pyo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine","place":["Seoul, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362","article-title":"Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years","volume":"377","author":"Afshin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes. collaborators. 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