{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:11:49Z","timestamp":1787026309258,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an upward trend in\n                      <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) infections across Asia. The COVID-19-induced immunological impairment may increase the risk of adverse outcomes in\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      -infected patients, yet studies in this area remain limited. We investigated the association between\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the post-COVID-19 era.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a single-center cohort study in Guangzhou, China, from February 2023 to June 2024, involving pregnant women. A total of 186 participants were included, with 49 in the\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      group (tested positive for\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      immunoglobulin M antibody (MP IgM)) and 137 in the control group. Propensity score weighting analysis was performed to control bias and estimate the effect size.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      group was not significantly different from that in the control group. The odds ratio (OR) for adverse maternal events after propensity score weighting (PSW) was 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62 to 2.55;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.530), and the PSW OR for adverse neonatal events was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.49 to 1.84;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.884). However, in the subgroups of advanced maternal age (AMA, age \u2265 35, n=29) and primiparous women (n=80), the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was significantly higher in the\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      group. Additionally, the clinical manifestations of\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in the post-COVID-19 era were consistent with those observed prior to the pandemic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the post-COVID-19 era, evidence remains insufficient to conclude that\n                      <jats:italic>M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the general pregnant population. Exploratory subgroup analyses suggest possible signals of risk within subgroups of AMA and primiparous women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1663272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T06:13:47Z","timestamp":1766556827000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and adverse pregnancy outcome: a propensity score weighting study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Caihua","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoxuan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26467","article-title":"Association of mortality and recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in COVID-19 patients","volume":"93","author":"Amin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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