{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:42:24Z","timestamp":1791956544276,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":175,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cryptococcal infection is a typical opportunistic infection that significantly endangers human health, particularly to immunocompromised populations. As the top priority fungal pathogen listed by the World Health Organization, conventional antifungal drugs for cryptococcal infection are often ineffective and fail to completely eradicate the pathogen. One of the key factors underlying the treatment failure is the sophisticated immune escape strategies employed by\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which constitutes a major clinical challenge. Overcoming immune escape is key to improving therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, exploring new therapeutic methods, especially immunotherapy, is of paramount importance in combating the escape mechanisms and boosting the host\u2019s defense capabilities. In this review, we focus on the host\u2019s pattern recognition receptors, the innate and adaptive immune responses to the\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, the immune escape tricks of\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and the prospects for immunotherapy, providing new insights for developing the anti-\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    immunotherapeutic strategies for the immunocompromised populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1671873","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T05:25:17Z","timestamp":1757568317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Cryptococcal infection: host immunity, immune evasion and emerging immunotherapeutic strategies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaijian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01869","article-title":"Natural killer cells: development, maturation, and clinical utilization","volume":"9","author":"Abel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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