{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T12:30:15Z","timestamp":1781526615883,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent chronic oral diseases globally, characterized by chronic inflammatory responses in the gingiva and supporting periodontal tissues. Recent epidemiological and mechanistic studies have indicated that PD not only adversely affects oral health but is also significantly associated with gastric and colorectal cancers. This article reviews the potential link between PD and these gastrointestinal malignancies, exploring the underlying pathogenic mechanisms and potential strategies for preventing and treating gastric and colorectal cancers through the management of PD. Periodontal health management may represent an adjunct avenue for the prevention and control of gastrointestinal cancers; however, high-quality longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to clarify causality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1699738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T06:30:04Z","timestamp":1765780204000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Periodontal disease and gastric and colorectal cancers: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tianqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heshi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.54.7","article-title":"Butyric acid induces apoptosis in both human monocytes and lymphocytes equivalently","volume":"54","author":"Abe","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.07.006","article-title":"Fap2 mediates fusobacterium nucleatum colorectal adenocarcinoma enrichment by binding to tumor-expressed gal-galnac","volume":"20","author":"Abed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520510015430","article-title":"Tooth loss is associated with increased risk of gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma in A cohort of finnish smokers","volume":"40","author":"Abnet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012290009545","article-title":"Prospective study of tooth loss and incident esophageal and gastric cancers in China","volume":"12","author":"Abnet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2023.100321","article-title":"Gastric adenocarcinoma and periodontal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"79","author":"Aguiar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinics. (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgs112","article-title":"Periodontal disease, porphyromonas gingivalis serum antibody levels and orodigestive cancer mortality","volume":"33","author":"Ahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-024-01591-w","article-title":"Unveiling the hidden links: periodontal disease, fusobacterium nucleatum, and cancers","volume":"26","author":"Akbari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33248","article-title":"Smoking and colorectal cancer: A pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies in Japan","volume":"148","author":"Akter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12426","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum and cancer","volume":"89","author":"Alon-Maimon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B10","article-title":"Assessment and correlation of salivary ca, mg, and ph in smokers and non-smokers with generalized chronic periodontitis","volume":"59","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070525","article-title":"The relationship between alcohol dependence and periodontal disease","volume":"79","author":"Amaral Cda","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12449","article-title":"The role of cigarette smoking in periodontal disease and treatment outcomes of dental implant therapy","volume":"90","author":"Apatzidou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp340","article-title":"An exploration of shared genetic risk factors between periodontal disease and cancers: A prospective co-twin study","volume":"171","author":"Arora","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198469","article-title":"Induction of colonic regulatory T cells by indigenous clostridium species","volume":"331","author":"Atarashi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12540","article-title":"Periodontitis and risk of cancer: mechanistic evidence","volume":"96","author":"Baima","year":"2024","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2022.02.005","article-title":"Mechanistic convergence of the tigit and pd-1 inhibitory pathways necessitates co-blockade to optimize anti-tumor cd8(+) T cell responses","volume":"55","author":"Banta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.0106","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: A review","volume":"325","author":"Biller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Jama."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091764","article-title":"Diet and risk of gastric cancer: an umbrella review","volume":"14","author":"Bouras","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2004.07.007","article-title":"The ins and outs of E-cadherin trafficking","volume":"14","author":"Bryant","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2016.160268","article-title":"Efficacy of local and systemic antimicrobials in the non-surgical treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: A systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Chambrone","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8265","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.082240999","article-title":"Targeted inactivation of ctnnb1 reveals unexpected effects of beta-catenin mutation","volume":"99","author":"Chan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13384","article-title":"The impact of smoking on non-surgical periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-018-2233-x","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes M2 polarization of macrophages in the microenvironment of colorectal tumours via A tlr4-dependent mechanism","volume":"67","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2018.05.008","article-title":"Tox expression decreases with progression of colorectal cancers and is associated with cd4 T-cell density and fusobacterium nucleatum infection","volume":"79","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.7.759","article-title":"Comparison of different approaches of interdental oral hygiene: interdental brushes versus dental floss","volume":"69","author":"Christou","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205291","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2023.2205291","article-title":"Mechanisms of porphyromonas gingivalis to translocate over the oral mucosa and other tissue barriers","volume":"15","author":"De Jongh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Oral. Microbiol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32319-0","article-title":"Colorectal cancer","volume":"394","author":"Dekker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet. (London England)"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2388801","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2388801","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis fuels colorectal cancer through chi3l1-mediated inkt cell-driven immune evasion","volume":"16","author":"D\u00edaz-Basabe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Microbes."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13241","article-title":"Resective surgery for the treatment of furcation involvement: A systematic review","author":"Dommisch","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.1.654-662.2006","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum transports noninvasive streptococcus cristatus into human epithelial cells","volume":"74","author":"Edwards","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-042022-025619","article-title":"The role of the microbiome in the etiopathogenesis of colon cancer","volume":"86","author":"El Tekle","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.577485","article-title":"Comparison of blood bacterial communities in periodontal health and periodontal disease","volume":"10","author":"Emery","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.9.s1.8.x","article-title":"Locally delivered antimicrobials for the treatment of chronic periodontitis","author":"Etienne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oral. Dis."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.909","article-title":"An overview of systematic reviews of the use of systemic antimicrobials for the treatment of periodontitis","volume":"217","author":"Faggion","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.09.012","article-title":"Alcohol, smoking and the risk of premalignant and Malignant colorectal neoplasms","volume":"31","author":"Fagunwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2145729","DOI":"10.1080\/20002297.2022.2145729","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum and its associated systemic diseases: epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms","volume":"15","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Oral. Microbiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2011.07905.x","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum adhesin fada binds vascular endothelial cadherin and alters endothelial integrity","volume":"82","author":"Fardini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B39","article-title":"Supra and subgingival application of antiseptics or antibiotics during periodontal therapy","volume":"2023","author":"Figuero","year":"2000","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2009.10.007","article-title":"The association between periodontal disease and cancer: A review of the literature","volume":"38","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.06.017","article-title":"Polarization of tumor-associated neutrophil phenotype by tgf-beta: \u201cN1\u201d Versus \u201cN2\u201d Tan","volume":"16","author":"Fridlender","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720140453","article-title":"The effect of systemic antibiotics administered during the active phase of non-surgical periodontal therapy or after the healing phase: A systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Fritoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.692544","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum cbpf mediates inhibition of T cell function through ceacam1 activation","volume":"11","author":"Galaski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E62270","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.62270","article-title":"Alcohol and periodontal disease: A narrative review","volume":"16","author":"Gandhi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12271","article-title":"Effects of periodontal disease on glycemic control, complications, and incidence of diabetes mellitus","volume":"83","author":"Genco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-1295","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum in the colorectum and its association with cancer risk and survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Gethings-Behncke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12201","article-title":"Nonsurgical and surgical treatment of periodontitis: how many options for one disease","volume":"75","author":"Graziani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.010","article-title":"Binding of the fap2 protein of fusobacterium nucleatum to human inhibitory receptor tigit protects tumors from immune cell attack","volume":"42","author":"Gur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s40496-020-00249-3","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis: immune subversion activities and role in periodontal dysbiosis","volume":"7","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Oral. Health Rep."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1081\/IMM-120030917","article-title":"Intracellular signaling and cytokine induction upon interactions of porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae with pattern-recognition receptors","volume":"33","author":"Hajishengallis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. Invest."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2014.11.013","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum: A commensal-turned pathogen","volume":"23","author":"Han","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s3.8.x","article-title":"A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients","author":"Herrera","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1120995","article-title":"A comprehensive review of the application of probiotics and postbiotics in oral health","volume":"13","author":"Homayouni Rad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-018-2965-2","article-title":"Risk of colorectal cancer in patients with periodontal disease severity: A nationwide, population-based cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Colorectal Dis."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-22-1843","article-title":"Ceacam1 marks highly suppressive intratumoral regulatory T cells for targeted depletion therapy","volume":"29","author":"Jeon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13238","article-title":"Regenerative surgical treatment of furcation defects: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","author":"Jepsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B57","first-page":"Cd004622","article-title":"Full-mouth treatment modalities (Within 24 hours) for periodontitis in adults","volume":"6","author":"Jerv\u00f8e-Storm","year":"","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12334","article-title":"Overcoming behavioral obstacles to prevent periodontal disease: behavioral change techniques and self-performed periodontal infection control","volume":"84","author":"J\u00f6nsson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-1057","article-title":"Gastric cancer: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and prevention","volume":"23","author":"Karimi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12221","article-title":"Non-surgical periodontal therapy with systemic antibiotics in patients with untreated chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Keestra","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Periodontal Res."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-19-0156","article-title":"Association between alcohol consumption and survival in colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17038","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.38","article-title":"Periodontal diseases","volume":"3","author":"Kinane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2023.101839","article-title":"Colorectal cancer: A health and economic problem","volume":"66","author":"Klimeck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00623-9","article-title":"Oral administration of lactobacillus gasseri sbt2055 is effective in preventing porphyromonas gingivalis-accelerated periodontal disease","volume":"7","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2005.00239.x","article-title":"Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity","volume":"20","author":"K\u00f5ll-Klais","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-023-02817-8","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum-triggered neutrophil extracellular traps facilitate colorectal carcinoma progression","volume":"42","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.007","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment","volume":"14","author":"Kostic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12333","article-title":"Interventions to prevent periodontal disease in tobacco-, alcohol-, and drug-dependent individuals","volume":"84","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac241","article-title":"The oral-gut axis: periodontal diseases and gastrointestinal disorders","volume":"29","author":"Lam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammation Bowel Dis."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12453","article-title":"Influence of epigenetics on periodontitis and peri-implantitis pathogenesis","volume":"90","author":"Larsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.11138\/orl\/2017.10.3.229","article-title":"Focus on periodontal disease and colorectal carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Lauritano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oral. Implantol (Rome)"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C489","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00566.2001","article-title":"Protein kinase C regulates endocytosis and recycling of E-cadherin","volume":"283","author":"Le","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.9.1037","article-title":"Comparison between patient expectation before and satisfaction after periodontal surgical treatment","volume":"73","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1611097","article-title":"Periodontal disease and chronic kidney disease: mechanistic insights and novel therapeutic perspectives","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2021.09.034","article-title":"Incidence, mortality, survival, risk factor and screening of colorectal cancer: A comparison among China, europe, and northern america","volume":"522","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1632","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13987","article-title":"Enhanced control of periodontitis by an artificial intelligence-enabled multimodal-sensing toothbrush and targeted mhealth micromessages: A randomized trial","volume":"51","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13402","article-title":"Is periodontal disease A risk indicator for colorectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1010368","article-title":"The oral microbiota and cardiometabolic health: A comprehensive review and emerging insights","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2061045","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum induces mdscs enrichment via activation the nlrp3 inflammosome in escc cells, leading to cisplatin resistance","volume":"54","author":"Liang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.03.023","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in gastric cancer incidence rates (1988-2012) and predictions to 2030","volume":"161","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11759","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12173-1","article-title":"Infection of microglia with porphyromonas gingivalis promotes cell migration and an inflammatory response through the gingipain-mediated activation of protease-activated receptor-2 in mice","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-321949","article-title":"Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and risk of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma: A prospective study","volume":"70","author":"Lo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"B83","first-page":"5981","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis induced uchl3 to promote colon cancer progression","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9742","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28048-y","article-title":"Butyrate produced by gut commensal bacteria activates tgf-beta1 expression through the transcription factor sp1 in human intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"8","author":"Martin-Gallausiaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12026","article-title":"A systematic review on the effects of local antimicrobials as adjuncts to subgingival debridement, compared with subgingival debridement alone, in the treatment of chronic periodontitis","volume":"40","author":"Matesanz-P\u00e9rez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E53653","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053653","article-title":"Fusobacterium is associated with colorectal adenomas","volume":"8","author":"McCoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08903-4","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum and oral cancer: A critical review","volume":"21","author":"McIlvanna","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Cancer."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxx006","article-title":"Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and cancer risk","volume":"39","author":"Michaud","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Rev."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx278","article-title":"Periodontal disease assessed using clinical dental measurements and cancer risk in the aric study","volume":"110","author":"Michaud","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2015.1377","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum and T cells in colorectal carcinoma","volume":"1","author":"Mima","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30486","article-title":"Periodontal disease, tooth loss and colorectal cancer risk: results from the nurses\u2019 Health study","volume":"140","author":"Momen-Heravi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12343","article-title":"Biological strategies for the prevention of periodontal disease: probiotics and vaccines","volume":"84","author":"Myneni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476068","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/476068","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis: major periodontopathic pathogen overview","volume":"2014","author":"Mysak","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1435054","article-title":"Cytokines in gingivitis and periodontitis: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets","volume":"15","author":"Neurath","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2023.2197481","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in the microbiota of periodontitis patients: an update of current findings","volume":"50","author":"Ng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11030360","article-title":"Subgingival periopathogens assessment and clinical periodontal evaluation of gastric cancer patients-A cross sectional pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Nicolae","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathog."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1261189","article-title":"Multi-function screening of probiotics to improve oral health and evaluating their efficacy in A rat periodontitis model","volume":"13","author":"Nie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-17-0212","article-title":"Periodontal disease and incident cancer risk among postmenopausal women: results from the women\u2019s health initiative observational cohort","volume":"26","author":"Nwizu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12329","article-title":"Periodontal disease and cancer: epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms","volume":"83","author":"Nwizu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241235614","article-title":"The alcohol harm paradox in periodontitis","volume":"103","author":"Oliveira","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050206","article-title":"Surgical or non-surgical periodontal treatment: factors affecting patient decision making","volume":"77","author":"Patel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1296447","article-title":"Role of probiotics in managing various human diseases, from oral pathology to cancer and gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"14","author":"Petrariu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11092358","article-title":"The role of fusobacterium nucleatum in oral and colorectal carcinogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Pignatelli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13344","article-title":"Effects of alcohol and nicotine consumption on the development of apical periodontitis in rats: A correlative micro-computed tomographic, histological and immunohistochemical study","volume":"53","author":"Pinto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13994","article-title":"Chronic alcohol and nicotine consumption as catalyst for systemic inflammatory storm and bone destruction in apical periodontitis","volume":"57","author":"Pinto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Endod. J."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12434","article-title":"An assessment of adhesion, aggregation and surface charges of lactobacillus strains derived from the human oral cavity","volume":"61","author":"Piwat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12268","article-title":"Microbial biogeography and ecology of the mouth and implications for periodontal diseases","volume":"82","author":"Proctor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.21-0373","article-title":"Evaluation of stress, serum, and salivary ghrelin and cortisol levels in smokers and non-smokers with stage iii periodontitis: A cross-sectional study","volume":"93","author":"Rahate","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130142","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in human chronic periodontitis microbiota","volume":"85","author":"Rams","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Periodontol."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2021.01.010","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis","volume":"29","author":"Reyes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2016.160214","article-title":"Efficacy of local antimicrobials in the non-surgical treatment of patients with periodontitis and diabetes: A systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Rovai","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-025-04273-x","article-title":"The association between poor dental health and gastric cancer risk: A nationwide cohort and sibling-controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Ruan","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201847638","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal cancer by inducing wnt\/\u03b2-catenin modulator annexin A1","volume":"20","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.012","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by modulating E-cadherin\/\u03b2-catenin signaling via its fada adhesin","volume":"14","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.871513","article-title":"Targeting the tumor microenvironment: A close up of tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils","volume":"12","author":"Russo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12229","article-title":"Personalized periodontal treatment for the tobacco- and alcohol-using patient","volume":"78","author":"Ryder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B117","first-page":"189","article-title":"Periodontal disease and tooth loss as risks for cancer: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Sadighi Shamami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iran J. Cancer Prev."},{"key":"B118","first-page":"1600","article-title":"Patients with mesenchymal tumours and high fusobacteriales prevalence have worse prognosis in colorectal cancer (Crc)","volume":"71","author":"Salvucci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12332","article-title":"Contemporary practices for mechanical oral hygiene to prevent periodontal disease","volume":"84","author":"S\u00e4lzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.12.001","article-title":"Scientific evidence on the links between periodontal diseases and diabetes: consensus report and guidelines of the joint workshop on periodontal diseases and diabetes by the international diabetes federation and the european federation of periodontology","volume":"137","author":"Sanz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3610","article-title":"The microbiome and cancer","volume":"13","author":"Schwabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-020-09925-3","article-title":"Gastric cancer: A comprehensive review of current and future treatment strategies","volume":"39","author":"Sexton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4830","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.12.4830-4836.1995","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum inhibits human T-cell activation by arresting cells in the mid-G1 phase of the cell cycle","volume":"63","author":"Shenker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2023.01.003","article-title":"Metastatic colorectal cancer: mechanisms and emerging therapeutics","volume":"44","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.12.007","article-title":"Activation of gpr109a, receptor for niacin and the commensal metabolite butyrate, suppresses colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis","volume":"40","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2001.01229.x","article-title":"Lactic acid bacteria from healthy oral cavity of thai volunteers: inhibition of oral pathogens","volume":"90","author":"Sookkhee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B127","article-title":"Oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis due to periodontitis: systemic implications and links to gastrointestinal cancer: A narrative review","volume":"60","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.160829","article-title":"Chronic periodontal disease, periodontal pathogen colonization, and increased risk of precancerous gastric lesions","volume":"88","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Periodontol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00052-2","article-title":"Gastric cancer","volume":"405","author":"Sundar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet. (London England)"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9123885","article-title":"Could periodontal disease through periopathogen fusobacterium nucleatum be an aggravating factor for gastric cancer","volume":"9","author":"\u0218urlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-014-0277-y","article-title":"Effect of oral administration involving A probiotic strain of lactobacillus reuteri on pro-inflammatory cytokine response in patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"62","author":"Szkaradkiewicz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz)"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515606045","article-title":"Oral microbiome metabolism: from \u201cWho are they?\u201d To \u201cWhat are they doing","volume":"94","author":"Takahashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520945242","article-title":"Association or causation? Exploring the oral microbiome and cancer links","volume":"99","author":"Teles","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910708600706","article-title":"Bacteria interfere with A. Actinomycetemcomitans colonization","volume":"86","author":"Teughels","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2019.07.045","article-title":"Burden of gastric cancer","volume":"18","author":"Thrift","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. And Hepatology: Off. Clin. Pract. J. Of Am. Gastroenterological Assoc."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241303138","article-title":"Unveiling the etiopathogenic role of epstein-barr virus in periodontitis","volume":"104","author":"Tonoyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2017.06.003","article-title":"Role of oral and gut microbiome in nitric oxide-mediated colon motility","volume":"73","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nitric. Oxide."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu040","article-title":"Smoking and survival of colorectal cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Walter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2022.08.010","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum, A key pathogenic factor and microbial biomarker for colorectal cancer","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345241263768","article-title":"Association between periodontal diseases and the risk of site-specific gastrointestinal cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"103","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2745","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-3827","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis promotes colorectal carcinoma by activating the hematopoietic nlrp3 inflammasome","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Cd012018","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012018.pub2","article-title":"Home use of interdental cleaning devices, in addition to toothbrushing, for preventing and controlling periodontal diseases and dental caries","volume":"4","author":"Worthington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1296783","article-title":"Crosstalk between gut microbiota and metastasis in colorectal cancer: implication of neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"14","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25000","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M611567200","article-title":"Fada from fusobacterium nucleatum utilizes both secreted and nonsecreted forms for functional oligomerization for attachment and invasion of host cells","volume":"282","author":"Xu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12483","article-title":"Is periodontal disease associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer? A meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Xuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Dent. Hyg"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01371","article-title":"Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumors: from mechanisms to antigen specificity and microenvironmental regulation","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149653","article-title":"Association between tooth loss and gastric cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"11","author":"Yin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00202","article-title":"Detection of exosomal pd-L1 rna in saliva of patients with periodontitis","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-022-00212-1","article-title":"Systemic antibiotics increase microbiota pathogenicity and oral bone loss","volume":"15","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.806463","article-title":"Probiotic species in the management of periodontal diseases: an overview","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2019.111634","article-title":"Who is who in oral cancer","volume":"384","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-021-00136-2","article-title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis exacerbates ulcerative colitis via porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00658-5","article-title":"Inflammation and tumor progression: signaling pathways and targeted intervention","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1449411","article-title":"Advances in the research of immunomodulatory mechanism of mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells on periodontal tissue regeneration","volume":"15","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12590","article-title":"Periodontal pathogens and cancer development","volume":"96","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2021.1908260","article-title":"Treatment challenges and delivery systems in immunomodulation and probiotic therapies for periodontitis","volume":"18","author":"Zidar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Delivery."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1699738\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T06:30:07Z","timestamp":1765780207000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1699738\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"references-count":157,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1699738"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1699738","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]]},"article-number":"1699738"}}