{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:02:39Z","timestamp":1787169759964,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sarcopenia is an aging-related skeletal-muscle disorder characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, and it frequently co-occurs with chronic liver disease (CLD) and other comorbidities. Conventional approaches struggle to resolve its pronounced heterogeneity, whereas multi-omics technologies now offer a systematic, molecular-level avenue to dissect its pathogenesis. By integrating ten omics studies of sarcopenia and six of CLD-associated sarcopenia, we propose a dual-layer \u201ccommonality\u2013specificity\u201d framework. At the level of commonality, we identify four core pathological pillars: proteostasis imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and dysregulation of the gut\u2013muscle axis. At the specificity level, focusing on the CLD context, we observe that these networks are selectively perturbed within the liver-disease microenvironment, leading us to advance the \u201ccooperative accumulation of multiple weak signals\u201d hypothesis to explain how multi-axis crosstalk drives muscle wasting in this setting. To date, omics findings remain largely correlational, posing challenges for clinical translation. Future investigations should integrate cutting-edge technologies\u2014such as single-cell multi-omics, spatial transcriptomics, and computational modeling\u2014to shift the research paradigm from static profiling to dynamic mechanistic dissection and precision intervention. This review provides both a theoretical foundation and a developmental roadmap for comprehensively understanding the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia comorbidities and for achieving precision diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1710582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:41:54Z","timestamp":1767681714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A review of omics studies in sarcopenia: from molecular mechanisms to hepatic-gut-muscle interactions in chronic liver disease comorbidity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kainan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuping","family":"Que","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengtao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29839","article-title":"Cholic acid and deoxycholic acid induce skeletal muscle atrophy through a mechanism dependent on TGR5 receptor","volume":"236","author":"Abrigo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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