{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T20:46:09Z","timestamp":1790455569419,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Malaria, caused by\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      , is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected\n                      <jats:italic>Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n                      mosquitoes.\n                      <jats:italic>Anopheles darlingi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Anopheles albimanus<\/jats:italic>\n                      are primary vectors in South and Central America, with\n                      <jats:italic>An. darlingi<\/jats:italic>\n                      the main vector in the Amazon region, which has the highest malaria levels in the Americas. Notwithstanding advancements in comprehending\n                      <jats:italic>Anopheles -Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      interactions in malaria vectors, information regarding these processes in New World vectors is nonetheless scarce. The limited understanding of\n                      <jats:italic>An. darlingi<\/jats:italic>\n                      is mainly attributable to the absence of experimental models suitable for its study. Researchers frequently utilize murine\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, such as\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium berghei<\/jats:italic>\n                      , owing to their convenience in laboratory settings beyond endemic areas. Specific chemicals consumed by mosquitoes can affect the efficiency of\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluates the susceptibility of\n                      <jats:italic>An. darlingi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>An. albimanus<\/jats:italic>\n                      to\n                      <jats:italic>P. berghei<\/jats:italic>\n                      under different post-infection treatments, including para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), uric acid, and penicillin\/streptomycin (Pen\/Strep).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dietary supplementation with PABA, whether administered alone or in combination, influences susceptibility in both species.\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium berghei<\/jats:italic>\n                      sporozoites were detected in the hemolymph but not in the salivary glands until 28 days post-infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study is the first investigation to demonstrate that post-infection dietary treatments might influence the susceptibility of American vectors to\n                      <jats:italic>P. berghei<\/jats:italic>\n                      , hence broadening the scope for research on infection dynamics and parasite management mechanisms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1712389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T06:26:58Z","timestamp":1764656818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dietary para-aminobenzoic acid, uric acid, and antibiotics modulate the susceptibility of Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albimanus to Plasmodium berghei"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Breno A.","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel S. 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