{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:21:25Z","timestamp":1771924885665,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    As fungal diseases emerge, new studies aim to understand how different metabolic pathways, including the biosynthesis of phospholipids, influence the fungal pathogenicity. Therefore, to investigate the role of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in the biology of the human fungal pathogen\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a double mutant lacking\n                    <jats:italic>OPI3<\/jats:italic>\n                    (phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase) from the\n                    <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathway, and\n                    <jats:italic>PCT1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (choline phosphate cytidylyltransferase) from the salvage Kennedy pathway was generated using\n                    <jats:italic>double-joint<\/jats:italic>\n                    PCR coupled with biolistic technique for gene deletion. Phenotypic and virulence assays were performed, including growth viability in minimal nutrient, melanization, capsule expansion and titanization, lipid droplet analysis and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in larval and murine models. The double mutant (\n                    <jats:italic>opi3\u0394pct1\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) exhibited normal growth in complex medium, but displayed severe growth defects and loss of viability under nutrient-limited conditions. Supplementation with L-\u03b1-glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC), PC or sorbitol fully restores growth, suggesting compensation of GPC-dependent reacylation pathway. Disruption of PC biosynthesis affected important virulence traits, including capsule formation, melanization, and titan cell development, and increased susceptibility to membrane stresses. In vivo, in both the\n                    <jats:italic>Galleria mellonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and murine models,\n                    <jats:italic>opi3\u0394pct1\u0394<\/jats:italic>\n                    was hypovirulent with reduced brain colonization. Other studies with\n                    <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , another pathogenic yeast, showed no impact in deletion of either\n                    <jats:italic>OPI3<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>PCT1<\/jats:italic>\n                    alone for virulence and pathogenicity. Therefore, these findings highlight the critical role of PC biosynthesis for maintaining membrane integrity, morphological plasticity and host dissemination of\n                    <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1736171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T06:39:37Z","timestamp":1769495977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans: functional interplay and impact on virulence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Filipe dos S.","family":"Timboni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Microbial Biology, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aisel Valle","family":"Garay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffael J. Ara\u00fajo","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabrielly Bindo","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University from S\u00e3o Paulo","place":["Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Bi\u2212Institutional Translational Medicine Platform, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Namuhell Oliveira da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Pathogenic Fungi, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00edsa Coutinho","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Molecular Biotechnology (C-BIOTECH), University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Microbial Biology, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vitoria Mer\u00e7on","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Microbial Biology, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Center of Molecular Biotechnology (C-BIOTECH), University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Campos Vieira","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Del Poeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University","place":["Stony Brook, NY, United States"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University","place":["Stony Brook, NY, United States"]},{"name":"Veterans Affairs Medical Center","place":["Northport, NY, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Albuquerque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Microbial Biology, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Pathogenic Fungi, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anam\u00e9lia Lorenzetti","family":"Bocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bi\u2212Institutional Translational Medicine Platform, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)","place":["Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]},{"name":"Center of Molecular Biotechnology (C-BIOTECH), University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Human Pathogenic Fungi","place":["Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program of Microbial Biology, University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Center of Molecular Biotechnology (C-BIOTECH), University of Bras\u00edlia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia","place":["Bras\u00edlia, Federal District, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.005232","article-title":"The glycerophosphocholine acyltransferase Gpc1 is part of a phosphatidylcholine (PC)-remodeling pathway that alters PC species in yeast","volume":"294","author":"Anaokar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2021107966","article-title":"Shortening of membrane lipid acyl chains compensates for phosphatidylcholine deficiency in choline-auxotroph yeast","volume":"40","author":"Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-04-0344","article-title":"Depletion of phosphatidylcholine in yeast induces shortening and increased saturation of the lipid acyl chains: evidence for regulation of intrinsic membrane curvature in a eukaryote","volume":"17","author":"Boumann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19679","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R000031200","article-title":"The yeast cell wall and septum as paradigms of cell growth and morphogenesis","volume":"276","author":"Cabib","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S69","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800043-JLR200","article-title":"Regulation of phospholipid synthesis in yeast","volume":"50","author":"Carman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7827(99)00010-7","article-title":"Phospholipid biosynthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and interrelationship with other metabolic processes","volume":"38","author":"Carman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Prog. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"153","article-title":"Separation and analysis of phospholipids by thin layer chromatography","volume-title":"Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)","author":"Cartwright","year":"1993"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01375-18","article-title":"Maintenance of mitochondrial morphology in cryptococcus neoformans is critical for stress resistance and virulence","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13998","article-title":"Diverse effect of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic genes on phospholipid homeostasis, cell autophagy and fungal developments in Metarhizium robertsii","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12081","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M400297200","article-title":"Regulation of Phospholipid Synthesis in the Yeast cki1\u0394 eki1\u0394 Mutant Defective in the Kennedy Pathway","volume":"279","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00815-17","article-title":"Candida albicans cannot acquire sufficient ethanolamine from the host to support virulence in the absence of de novo phosphatidylethanolamine synthesis","volume":"86","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2019.00129","article-title":"Immunomodulatory role of capsular polysaccharides constituents of cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"6","author":"Decote-Ricardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.08.017","article-title":"A dissemination-prone morphotype enhances extrapulmonary organ entry by Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"30","author":"Denham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof8040393","article-title":"Faster cryptococcus melanization increases virulence in experimental and human cryptococcosis","volume":"8","author":"de Sousa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.2.4.16136","article-title":"The effect of L-DOPA on Cryptococcus neoformans growth and gene expression","volume":"2","author":"Eisenman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3860","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.032854-0","article-title":"Vesicle-associated melanization in Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"155","author":"Eisenman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.2.5.1036-1045.2003","article-title":"Recapitulation of the Sexual Cycle of the Primary Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii : Implications for an Outbreak on Vancouver Island, Canada","volume":"2","author":"Fraser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.337","article-title":"The Kennedy pathway\u2014 De novo synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine","volume":"62","author":"Gibellini","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25066","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.743062","article-title":"Cloning of glycerophosphocholine acyltransferase (GPCAT) from fungi and plants","volume":"291","author":"G\u0142\u0105b","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12996","article-title":"Lipid droplet-mediated lipid and protein homeostasis in budding yeast","volume":"592","author":"Graef","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00592-9","article-title":"Mitochondrial function is required for resistance to oxidative stress in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"410","author":"Grant","year":"1997","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.04.012","article-title":"PCYT1A regulates phosphatidylcholine homeostasis from the inner nuclear membrane in response to membrane stored curvature elastic stress","volume":"45","author":"Haider","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.106.057489","article-title":"Genomic analysis of the opi\u2013 phenotype","volume":"173","author":"Hancock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(03)00028-5","article-title":"Identification of metabolites of importance in the pathogenesis of pulmonary cryptococcoma using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","volume":"5","author":"Himmelreich","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microbes Infect."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.220.1.r01jl25122","article-title":"Cryptococcomas distinguished from gliomas with MR spectroscopy: an experimental rat and cell culture study","volume":"220","author":"Himmelreich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1006982","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006982","article-title":"Titan cells formation in Cryptococcus neoformans is finely tuned by environmental conditions and modulated by positive and negative genetic regulators","volume":"14","author":"Hommel","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS Pathog."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(01)00181-0","article-title":"Regulation of vesicle trafficking, transcription, and meiosis: lessons learned from yeast regarding the disparate biologies of phosphatidylcholine","volume":"1534","author":"Howe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2004.12.008","article-title":"Regulatory enzymes of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis: a personal perspective","volume":"1733","author":"Kent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.10.089","article-title":"An efficient gene-disruption method in Cryptococcus neoformans by double-joint PCR with NAT-split markers","volume":"390","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.105543","article-title":"The glycerophosphocholine acyltransferase Gpc1 contributes to phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, long-term viability, and embedded hyphal growth in Candida albicans","volume":"300","author":"King","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cmi.13093","article-title":"Variations in yeast plasma-membrane lipid composition affect killing activity of three families of insect antifungal peptides","volume":"21","author":"Kodedov\u00e1","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.006738","article-title":"Phosphatidylserine synthesis is essential for viability of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"294","author":"Konarzewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a019760","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019760","article-title":"Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis","volume":"4","author":"Kwon-Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2024.1448229","article-title":"Loss of Opi3 causes a lipid imbalance that influences the virulence traits of Cryptococcus neoformans but not cryptococcosis","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11040256","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of pathogenic fungal virulence regulation by cell membrane phospholipids","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-74215-6_9","article-title":"Lipids in the Structure and Function of Fungal Membranes","volume-title":"Biochemistry of Cell Walls and Membranes in Fungi","author":"L\u00f6sel","year":"1990"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.09.002","article-title":"Detection of reactive oxygen species derived from the family of NOX NADPH oxidases","volume":"53","author":"Maghzal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111815","article-title":"Nutritional conditions modulate C. neoformans extracellular vesicles\u2019 Capacity to elicit host immune response","volume":"8","author":"Marina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.12919","article-title":"From yeast to humans \u2013 roles of the Kennedy pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis","volume":"592","author":"McMaster","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.111.128033","article-title":"The response to heat shock and oxidative stress in saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"190","author":"Morano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3842","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.7.3842-3850.2005","article-title":"Galleria mellonella as a Model System To Study Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis","volume":"73","author":"Mylonakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-527-5_14","article-title":"In vitro measurement of phagocytosis and killing of cryptococcus neoformans by macrophages","author":"Nicola","year":"2012","journal-title":"Leucocytes: methods and protocols"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4922","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.4922-4933.2005","article-title":"Cryptococcus neoformans \u03b1 Strains Preferentially Disseminate to the Central Nervous System during Coinfection","volume":"73","author":"Nielsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00121-12","article-title":"Titan cells confer protection from phagocytosis in cryptococcus neoformans infections","volume":"11","author":"Okagaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof4020050","article-title":"Lipid biosynthesis as an antifungal target","volume":"4","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Fungi"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02168-23","article-title":"Functional, transcriptomic, and lipidomic studies of the choC gene encoding a phospholipid methyltransferase in Aspergillus fumigatus","volume":"12","author":"Pan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56269","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056269","article-title":"Epidemiology of cryptococcal meningitis in the US: 1997\u20132009","volume":"8","author":"Pyrgos","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.397","article-title":"Identification of fungal cell wall mutants using susceptibility assays based on Calcofluor white and Congo red","volume":"1","author":"Ram","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.03457-20","article-title":"The transcription factor pdr802 regulates titan cell formation and pathogenicity of cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"12","author":"Reuwsaat","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00370-07","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles produced by Cryptococcus neoformans contain protein components associated with virulence","volume":"7","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eukaryot. Cell"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6788-9_16","article-title":"Nile red staining of neutral lipids in yeast","volume":"1560","author":"Rostron","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.13301","article-title":"Fungal cell membrane-promising drug target for antifungal therapy","volume":"121","author":"Sant","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28632","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.267534","article-title":"Phospholipid synthesis participates in the regulation of diacylglycerol required for membrane trafficking at the golgi complex","volume":"286","author":"Sarri","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-086-7_16","article-title":"Quantitation of cellular components in cryptococcus neoformans for system biology analysis. In Yeast genetic networks: methods and protocols","author":"Singh","year":"2011"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00086","article-title":"Overproduction of phospholipids by the kennedy pathway leads to hypervirulence in candida albicans","volume":"10","author":"Tams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M800660-JLR200","article-title":"Depletion of phosphatidylcholine affects endoplasmic reticulum morphology and protein traffic at the Golgi complex","volume":"50","author":"Testerink","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.08.016","article-title":"The membrane stress response buffers lethal effects of lipid disequilibrium by reprogramming the protein homeostasis network","volume":"48","author":"Thibault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2330","article-title":"Membrane lipids: where they are and how they behave","volume":"9","author":"van Meer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2015.11.010","article-title":"Role for lipid droplet biogenesis and microlipophagy in adaptation to lipid imbalance in yeast","volume":"35","author":"Vevea","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04779.x","article-title":"Novel gene functions required for melanization of the human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"57","author":"Walton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiology."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.116658","article-title":"In toto imaging shows intravascular proliferation promotes transmigration of daughter cells during brain invasion of Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Reports."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3004","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.7.3004-3007.1994","article-title":"Susceptibility of melanized and nonmelanized Cryptococcus neoformans to nitrogen- and oxygen-derived oxidants","volume":"62","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020518-114444","article-title":"Phospholipid remodeling in physiology and disease","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s42483-019-0023-9","article-title":"Phospholipid homeostasis plays an important role in fungal development, fungicide resistance and virulence in Fusarium graminearum","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytopathol. Res."},{"key":"B65","first-page":"1","volume-title":"WHO fungal priority pathogens list to guide research, development and public health action","year":"2022"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1136168","article-title":"Phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase MoPct1 is crucial for vegetative growth, conidiation, and appressorium-mediated plant infection by Magnaporthe oryzae","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02313-21","article-title":"Gene expression of diverse cryptococcus isolates during infection of the human central nervous system","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1006\/scdb.1997.0220","article-title":"Phosphatidylinositol signalling reactions","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-023-01073-4","article-title":"Cryptococcus neoformans, a global threat to human health","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Poverty"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1736171\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T08:31:40Z","timestamp":1771921900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1736171\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1736171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2025.1736171","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]]},"article-number":"1736171"}}