{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:20:37Z","timestamp":1771928437571,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n species (\n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp.) were emerging and rare pathogens. Very few studies had focused on\n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. infection due to its low incidence. A retrospective analysis summarizing clinical and laboratory characteristics of\n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. infection at a tertiary hospital in Hefei City was conducted to learn more about the rare bacterium.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 36 patients with\n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. infection from October 2019 to February 2025 were included. The data of all patients were collected by reviewing electronic records.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Among 36 isolated strains, 77.8% were\n Shewanella algae<\/jats:italic>\n and 22.2% were\n Shewanella putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n . Abdominal pain was the most common clinical symptom. Intrahepatic stone and cholangitis was the main diagnosed disease. According to the type of main diagnosed disease, they were divided into two groups: hepatobiliary disease group and non-hepatobiliary disease group. The laboratory results were analyzed, and it was revealed that the laboratory characteristics of anemia, neutrophilia, leukocytosis, and so on were common. Serum coagulation tests results showed that it was significantly higher than the normal value, and all other serum biochemical and coagulation tests results were mostly normal. For microorganism culture, co-infection microorganisms were obtained.\n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. were usually susceptible to aminoglycoside, quinolone, cephalosporin, carbapenems, and compound antibiotics. All patients were treated with antibiotics, and there were one or more types of antibiotics to use, all of whom had effective treatment outcomes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n \n Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n spp. infections were very limited. The study might improve the attention and awareness of the rare bacterial infection.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1700922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T06:32:14Z","timestamp":1770013934000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients infected with Shewanella species at a tertiary hospital in Hefei City, China: a retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiangyun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boke","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanhong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11040304","article-title":"Adaptive mechanisms of shewanella xiamenensis DCB 2\u20131 metallophilicity","volume":"11","author":"Abuladze","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10676","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.10676","article-title":"Shewanella algae -A novel organism causing bacteremia: A rare case and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Bernshteyn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.005152","article-title":"Shewanella nanhaiensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from sediment of South China Sea, and emended descriptions of Shewanella woodyi, Shewanella hanedai and Shewanella canadensis","volume":"71","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11029","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68024-z","article-title":"Dietary administration of the probiotic Shewanella putrefaciens to experimentally wounded gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) facilitates the skin wound healing","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1549-9","article-title":"Differential gene content and gene expression for bacterial evolution and speciation of Shewanella in terms of biosynthesis of heme and heme-requiring proteins","volume":"19","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03363","article-title":"Ulcerative dermatitis in barramundi due to coinfection with Streptococcus iniae and Shewanella algae","volume":"134","author":"Erfanmanesh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.841359","article-title":"Comparative proteomic analysis of psychrophilic vs. Mesophilic bacterial species reveals different strategies to achieve temperature adaptation","volume":"13","author":"Garc\u00eda-Descalzo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md18010023","article-title":"Quorum quenching properties and probiotic potentials of intestinal associated bacteria in asian sea bass lates calcarifer","volume":"18","author":"Ghanei-Motlagh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01108.x","article-title":"Shewanella algae and Shewanella putrefaciens: clinical and microbiological characteristics","volume":"11","author":"Holt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.1997.tb00622.x10","article-title":"Ear infections with Shewanella alga: a bacteriologic, clinical and epidemiologic study of 67 cases","volume":"3","author":"Holt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11040329","article-title":"Shewanella algae and Morganella morganii Coinfection in Cobra-Bite Wounds: A Genomic Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life (Basel Switzerland)."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000786","article-title":"Genomic analysis reveals high intra-species diversity of Shewanella algae","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbial. Genomics"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2012.726209","article-title":"The genus Shewanella: from the briny depths below to human pathogen","volume":"40","author":"Janda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.3.783-787.1998","article-title":"Biochemical and pathogenic properties of Shewanella alga and Shewanella putrefaciens","volume":"36","author":"Khashe","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0427322","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.04273-22","article-title":"Enterobacter asburiae E7, a Novel Potential Probiotic, Enhances Resistance to Aeromonas veronii Infection via Stimulating the Immune Response in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectrum."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-022-02377-9","article-title":"Meta-analysis of mucosal microbiota reveals universal microbial signatures and dysbiosis in gastric carcinogenesis","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.52.8152","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological features of shewanella bacteremia in patients with hepatobiliary disease","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Internal Med. (Tokyo Japan)."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-015-0868-5","article-title":"Polymicrobial soft tissue infection including Shewanella putrefaciens","volume":"44","author":"Mohr","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2020.05.004","article-title":"Shewanella biofilm development and engineering for environmental and bioenergy applications","volume":"59","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.850938","article-title":"Emerging infections due to shewanella spp.: A case series of 128 cases over 10 years","volume":"9","author":"Ng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-42-4-628","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of Shewanella alga from human clinical specimens and emendation of the description of S. alga Simidu et\u00a0al., 1990, 335","volume":"42","author":"Nozue","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1086\/589903","article-title":"Outbreak of Shewanella algae and Shewanella putrefaciens infections caused by a shared measuring cup in a general surgery unit in Korea","volume":"29","author":"Oh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect. Control. Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B23","article-title":"Shewanella algae bacteriaemia after a vacation in Thailand","volume":"180","author":"Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ugeskr. Laeger."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4409","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S334929","article-title":"Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients infected by Listeria monocytogenes at a Tertiary Hospital in Hefei City, China","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S319595","article-title":"Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with brucella infection in Anhui Province, China","volume":"14","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2010.490562","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical features of Shewanella infection over an eight-year period","volume":"42","author":"To","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0055","article-title":"Human infection with Shewanella putrefaciens and S. algae: report of 16 cases in Martinique and review of the literature","volume":"89","author":"Vignier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00030","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00030-20","article-title":"Promiscuous enzymes cause biosynthesis of diverse siderophores in shewanella oneidensis","volume":"86","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S357181","article-title":"The fulminating course of infection caused by shewanella algae: A case report","volume":"15","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14866-0","article-title":"Carbon dots-fed Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 for bioelectricity enhancement","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-2962-3","article-title":"Current trends of human infections and antibiotic resistance of the genus Shewanella","volume":"36","author":"Yousfi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2022.2117831","article-title":"Hammer. Shewanella infection in humans: Epidemiology, clinical features and pathogenicity","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158696","article-title":"Engineering Shewanella oneidensis to efficiently harvest electricity power by co-utilizing glucose and lactate in thin stillage of liquor industry","volume":"855","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total. Environ."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.031625-0","article-title":"Nosocomial peripancreatic infection associated with Shewanella xiamenensis","volume":"60","author":"Zong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1700922\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T09:29:24Z","timestamp":1771925364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1700922\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1700922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1700922","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"article-number":"1700922"}}