{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T04:19:03Z","timestamp":1783397943210,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Filifactor alocis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an emerging oral pathogen, and approximately 50% of known\n                    <jats:italic>F. alocis<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains encode and express a Repeats-in-Toxin (RTX) protein, FtxA. FtxA appears to be associated with both progress and severity of periodontal disease. Mechanisms are not yet known but could be linked to increased loads of\n                    <jats:italic>F. alocis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>ftxA<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive strains. Here, we investigated mechanistic correlations based on FtxA-activity, as present in\n                    <jats:italic>F. alocis<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells and extracellular vesicles and as a recombinant protein, exploiting THP-1 macrophage-like cells. For this, we used the\n                    <jats:italic>ftxA<\/jats:italic>\n                    -expressing strain, ATCC 35896 (\n                    <jats:italic>ftxA<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic>F. alocis<\/jats:italic>\n                    148B-17U (\n                    <jats:italic>ftxA<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), which naturally lacks the\n                    <jats:italic>ftxA<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. Using RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-Seq) and cytokine array analysis, we have pinpointed a role of FtxA in shifting host response toward immunosuppression, also inhibiting apoptosis and immune cell recruitment, and with a potential role in downregulating mitochondrial and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Such role(s) could provide a plausible explanation why FtxA is associated with progress and severity of periodontal disease, and further studies on FtxA-host cell interactions might reveal novel potential therapeutic targets.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1745721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T06:44:00Z","timestamp":1774248240000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Filifactor alocis FtxA blocks inflammation and apoptosis pathways in monocytic cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Razooqi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelbasset","family":"Yabrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Ume\u00e5 Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naeem","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Ume\u00e5 Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raviprakash T.","family":"Sitaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios N.","family":"Belibasakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aftab","family":"Nadeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Ume\u00e5 Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Oscarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology, Ume\u00e5 University","place":["Ume\u00e5, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000726","article-title":"Bacterial RTX toxins and host immunity","volume":"34","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. 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