{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:35:45Z","timestamp":1777358145890,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nitric oxide (NO)\u2013based therapeutics represent a promising modality for overcoming the challenges of treating dermatophyte infections within keratinized tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the antifungal activity of a nitric oxide\u2013releasing solution (NORS) against clinical isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans, and Epidermophyton floccosum, comparing MIC and MFC profiles to efinaconazole and assessing keratin associated inhibition relative to terbinafine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NORS demonstrated potent fungicidal activity across all species, with MIC90 and MFC90 values consistently at 0.005 \u03bcg\/mL. Unlike terbinafine, whose efficacy decreased significantly in keratin-rich environments, NORS retained antifungal activity in the presence of human nail keratin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results support further clinical evaluation of NO-based antifungals as potential treatments for onychomycosis and tinea pedis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1753525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T05:38:35Z","timestamp":1777354715000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antifungal efficacy of a novel nitric oxide releasing solution in the presence of keratin"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Eltohky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Sewake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research and Development Corp","place":["Vancouver, BC, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research and Development Corp","place":["Vancouver, BC, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon J. L.","family":"Teskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SaNOtize Research and Development Corp","place":["Vancouver, BC, Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Ghannoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas S.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","place":["Cleveland, OH, United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1001-907","article-title":"Nitric oxide and the immune response","volume":"2","author":"Bogdan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. 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