{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T05:14:26Z","timestamp":1783314866999,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although D-dimer is a routine hematological parameter and has been associated with mortality in various diseases, its specific relationship with clinical outcomes in\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      bloodstream infection (KP-BSI) remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between D-dimer levels and in-hospital mortality in patients with KP-BSI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with KP-BSI admitted to a tertiary hospital between 2019 and 2024. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Multivariable Cox regression was employed to assess the independent association between D-dimer levels and mortality risk, with additional subgroup and sensitivity analyses performed to verify the robustness of the findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 222 patients (156 male, 70.3%; mean age 66.4 \u00b1 13.6 years) were enrolled. Among them, 106 (47.7%) died during hospitalization. After full adjustment for potential confounders, elevated D-dimer levels were independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03\u20131.07, P\u00a0=\u00a00.001). When analyzed categorically using a 5 mg\/L, patients in the high D-dimer group showed a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those in the low D-dimer group (HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.27\u20133.59; P\u00a0=\u00a00.004). The results remained consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High D-dimer levels are independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with KP-BSI, suggesting its potential utility as a prognostic biomarker in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1778926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T04:21:17Z","timestamp":1783311677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elevated D-dimer is independently associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingxiu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13020078","article-title":"General overview of klebsiella pneumonia: epidemiology and the role of siderophores in its pathogenicity","volume":"13","author":"Abbas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5146","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007699","article-title":"D-dimer and risk for thrombosis in adults with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"6","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S453686","article-title":"Extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: risk factors and economic burden among patients with bloodstream infections","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Risk Manag. 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