{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:15:29Z","timestamp":1778652929861,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In mechanically ventilated burn patients, inhalation injury may increase the risk of lower respiratory tract colonization or infection with potentially pathogenic microorganisms and worsen in-hospital outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the occurrence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms in lower respiratory tract samples and their association with in-hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated patients with and without inhalation injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective observational study at a tertiary burn center (2007\u20132022) including patients who required mechanical ventilation for \u22652 days and sustained cutaneous burns and\/or inhalation injury; clinical and microbiological data were extracted from medical records.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 311 mechanically ventilated patients, 305 had cutaneous burns, 168 had inhalation injury, and 180 had lower respiratory tract samples positive for potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Gram-positive bacteria predominated early during hospitalization, while gram-negative bacteria and fungi became more frequent over time. Patients with inhalation injury showed shorter time to in-hospital death than those without inhalation injury (mean 32 vs 64 days), regardless of total body surface area burned. Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase\u2013producing organisms was associated with higher mortality risk and substantially longer hospital stays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inhalation injury was associated with a higher likelihood of lower respiratory tract positivity for potentially pathogenic microorganisms and with increased in-hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1789404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T05:55:29Z","timestamp":1778651729000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of microbiological findings in the lower respiratory tract in mechanically ventilated patients with and without inhalation injury"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Terezie","family":"Polackova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Vyklicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bretislav","family":"Lipovy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Brno","place":["Brno, Czechia"]},{"name":"Department of Burns Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Bohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Raska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Brno","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Tresnerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Brno","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hladik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady","place":["Prague, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Kocmanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, University Hospital Brno","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marketa","family":"Hanslianova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Vyskov Hospital","place":["Vyskov, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Borilova Linhartova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.03.030","article-title":"Impact of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in severely burned patients","volume":"211","author":"Bennett","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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