{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:04:37Z","timestamp":1780553077204,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Brucellosis, a severe zoonotic disease with over 2,000,000 annual human cases, poses a major threat to the livestock industry and public health. Early and accurate diagnosis in animals is crucial for control, but current methods are often time-consuming, equipment-dependent, or prone to cross-reactivity. This study developed a cost-efficient dynamic flow immunochromatography (DFICT) technique for the accurate diagnosis of bovine and sheep Smooth brucellosis. The assay utilizes a test strip with Smooth lipopolysaccharide and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                    protein G (SPG) immobilized as the Test (T) and Control (C) lines, employing gold nanoparticle-SPG conjugates as the tracer. To perform the DFICT, 100 \u03bcL of the liquid conjugate is applied to the reagent well, followed by 5 \u03bcL of serum to the sample well. The results were observable within 10\u00a0min by the naked eye. The DFICT demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting antibodies in sera diluted up to 1:64, and exceptional specificity with no cross-reactivity to other common pathogens. The DFICT can be stored for 12 months at 4\u00a0\u00b0C with no loss of sensitivity or specificity. Clinical validation with 80 bovine and 161 sheep field sera showed strong agreement with standard methods (ELISA, RBT), achieving sensitivities of 94.6% (bovine) and 98.2% (sheep), and specificities of 100% and 84.0%, respectively. It\u2019s simple, equipment-free operation and reliability make the established DFICT a vital and necessary tool for large-scale, on-site screening, significantly enhancing Smooth brucellosis surveillance and control capabilities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1804374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:35:28Z","timestamp":1780551328000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rapid serological detection of smooth Brucella strain antibodies in bovine and sheep using a dynamic flow immunochromatographic test"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kaiyutai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenye","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fucheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lulu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyan","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanzheng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2024.102277","article-title":"Comparative assessment of brucellosis detection in dogs: In-house ELISA versus Rose Bengal Plate Test utilizing rough and smooth antigens","volume":"116","author":"Akar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comp. 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