{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T05:07:20Z","timestamp":1779944840594,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEC-2011\/03\/B\/NZ5\/04276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEC-2011\/03\/B\/NZ5\/04276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a key respiratory pathogen in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and relatedness of\n                      <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n                      types of\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      respiratory isolates from pediatric CF patients, grouped by age, and to assess their antimicrobial resistance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 165\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolated from 82 patients from single-center and diagnosed with cystic fibrosis over a three-year period were analyzed. Molecular typing (\n                      <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n                      typing and SCC\n                      <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n                      typing) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty-four\n                      <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n                      types were identified, including five novel types, and the isolates were assigned to 11 multilocus sequence typing (MLST) clonal complexes, most frequently CC30, CC22, CC97, CC45, and CC15. In 67.1% of patients, only a single\n                      <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>\n                      type was detected. In cases where multiple types were isolated from a single patient, 85.2% of the isolates were not clonally related. Macrolide and lincosamide resistance was common, particularly among adolescents aged 12\u201318 years, at rates of 67.4% and 60.9%, respectively. Resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and co-trimoxazole did not exceed 15%. MRSA was detected in 10.7% of patients and exclusively among those with monoclonal colonization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The finding indicates that\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      colonization in pediatric CF patients is highly diverse and primarily individualized, with limited evidence of clonal transmission. Given the high prevalence of macrolide resistance-particularly among adolescents-long-term macrolide therapy should be carefully monitored, with periodic microbiological surveillance to mitigate resistance selection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1808334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T04:56:50Z","timestamp":1779944210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients: a single-center study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Garbacz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk","place":["Gdansk, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Piechowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk","place":["Gdansk, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aneta","family":"Mroczkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute","place":["Warsaw, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Empel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Microbiology, National Medicines Institute","place":["Warsaw, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Mi\u0119dzobrodzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow","place":["Krakow, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Kosecka-Strojek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow","place":["Krakow, Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2302","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-67.10.2302","article-title":"Development of a PCR test to differentiate between Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius","volume":"67","author":"Baron","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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