{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T06:15:22Z","timestamp":1778566522047,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":201,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This review critically examines pathological dysregulation of sialidase across genetic syndromes, infectious pathogens, inflammatory\/autoimmune disorders, malignant transformations, and neurodegenerative cascades, revealing molecular mechanisms that bridge physiological homeostasis to disease pathogenesis. The translational potential is emphasized through its emerging utility as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target, with frank discussion of current challenges in clinical translation-including specificity hurdles, delivery systems, and biomarker validation\u2014and future directions for precision medicine applications. 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