{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:10:28Z","timestamp":1790194228431,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017712","name":"Bureau of Science and Technology of Ganzhou Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017712","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common global bacterial infections. Rising antimicrobial resistance complicates their treatment. Analyzing pathogen distribution and resistance patterns in southern Jiangxi, China, is crucial for informing empirical treatment and infection management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of 3,212 urinary isolates from adult UTI patients at our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. We used WHONET 5.6 software to analyze the distribution of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns, and compared these patterns across different years, age groups, genders, and wards using the \u03c7\u00b2 test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Gram-negative bacteria predominated (75.37%).\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most prevalent at 49.00%, with\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      following at 9.34%. Carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRKP) increased significantly. Its resistance to imipenem rose from 4.2% in 2021 to 24.5% in 2024. Vancomycin-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                      (VREfm) emerged, reaching 9.4% in 2024. CRKP resistance was highest in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) (30.8%), compared with other clinical departments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study systematically analyzes the dynamic changes in pathogen profiles and antimicrobial resistance of adult urinary tract infections in southern Jiangxi from 2021 to 2024. It highlights the concurrent, rapid rise of CRKP and VREfm. The findings show a serious threat from multidrug-resistant bacteria, urging targeted infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1831994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T04:21:00Z","timestamp":1783052460000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Study on pathogenic bacteria distribution and antimicrobial resistance in adult urinary tract infections in a tertiary hospital in Southern Jiangxi, China, 2021\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhengting","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Ganzhou People's Hospital)","place":["Ganzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Ganzhou People's Hospital)","place":["Ganzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University (Ganzhou People's Hospital)","place":["Ganzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0","article-title":"Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"399","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond Engl)"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S523848","article-title":"Trends in antibiotic resistance in uropathogens at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (2019-2024): a retrospective study","volume":"18","author":"Bazira","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect. 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