{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T06:27:18Z","timestamp":1786688838323,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To evaluate the cross-cohort reproducibility of\n                      <jats:italic>Anaeroglobus<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a candidate salivary microbiome signal for childhood caries and to place this signal within plaque community, functional, and host-response contexts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Public pediatric salivary 16S rRNA cohorts were analyzed using a discovery\u2013primary external validation\u2013second validation framework. Genus-level features were assessed after CLR transformation and covariate adjustment, with plaque microbiome, plaque transcriptome, and deep-caries dental pulp single-cell datasets used as supporting evidence layers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the discovery cohort,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was associated with caries status and\n                      <jats:italic>Anaeroglobus<\/jats:italic>\n                      with total caries burden. In the primary external cohort,\n                      <jats:italic>Anaeroglobus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      remained positively associated with caries [OR\u00a0=\u00a03.452 (95% CI: 1.851\u20136.449) and OR\u00a0=\u00a02.118 (95% CI: 1.049\u20134.282), respectively]. In the second validation cohort, Anaeroglobus remained directionally consistent [OR\u00a0=\u00a03.009 (95% CI: 1.241\u20137.312)]. The primary external microbiome model showed moderate discrimination (AUC\u00a0=\u00a00.782; approximate 95% CI: 0.703\u20130.861). Exploratory pooled-effect synthesis supported positive directional consistency, while the supporting plaque and multi-omics layers indicated broader community restructuring, carbohydrate\/oxidative-stress adaptation, and host immune\u2013stromal remodeling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Anaeroglobus<\/jats:italic>\n                      represents a directionally reproducible candidate salivary risk-related signal rather than a direct mechanistic or immediately diagnostic biomarker. The 36-sample second validation cohort should be interpreted as supportive age-extrapolation evidence, and the pooled synthesis should be interpreted as exploratory; further prospective, paired saliva\u2013plaque, and multimodal validation is required.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1850479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T05:33:23Z","timestamp":1786685603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multicohort external validation of Anaeroglobus as a candidate salivary biomarker for childhood caries"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hefei Stomatological Hospital","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Medicine Affiliated Stomatological Hospital","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]},{"name":"Anhui Institute of Medicine","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-don","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Medicine","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiong-fen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Institute of Medicine","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiu-min","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hefei Stomatological Hospital","place":["Hefei, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da-wei","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Province)","place":["Suzhou, Anhui, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5721","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.11.5721-5732.2005","article-title":"Defining the normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity","volume":"43","author":"Aas","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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