{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:47:13Z","timestamp":1782798433632,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The rapid advancement of multi-omics strategies has profoundly facilitated the in-depth exploration of microbial physiological characteristics, accelerated the discovery of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, and promoted the mechanistic elucidation of their biological functions. As a dominant genus within the phylum Actinomycetota,\n                      <jats:italic>Streptomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                      is widely recognized for its remarkable capacity to synthesize a diverse spectrum of clinically applicable antibiotics.\n                      <jats:italic>Candida haemulonii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen, has emerged as a typical multidrug-resistant species closely associated with outbreaks of nosocomial infections, posing a severe threat to clinical antifungal therapy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, a novel strain designated as\n                      <jats:italic>Streptomyces anandii<\/jats:italic>\n                      NC-SA6 was isolated and systematically identified\n                      <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                      gradient dilution method, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), coupled with comprehensive physiological and biochemical characterization assays. The optimal fermentation condition was optimized by controling a single variable method and measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The antimicrobial spectrum was tested against a panel of pathogenic strains, and the MIC value was measured by using broth microdilution. Finally, antifungal compounds were analyzed by combnining genome and metabolomic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified a strain with a spectrum antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      species and Gram-positive bacteria. The optimal fermentation conditions are 4-day fermentation broth in No. 6 medium, and the MIC values of S. anandii NC-SA6 fermentation broth for Candida auris BJCA001 and Candida haemulonii 190070, the MIC50 values were 36.8 mg\/ml and 18.4 mg\/ml, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed the presence of 20 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) responsible for secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified a total of 1703 metabolites. Functional annotation demonstrated that 43.5% of these metabolites were characterized bioactive compounds, including antimicrobial agents, antifungal agents, antitumor inhibitors, and other pharmaceutical molecules; the remaining 56.5% were uncharacterized metabolites, indicating the existence of potential secondary metabolites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Collectively, this integrated multi-omics study identified\n                      <jats:italic>S. anandii<\/jats:italic>\n                      NC-SA6 as a promising microbial resource for mining antifungal metabolites targeting multidrug-resistant\n                      <jats:italic>C. haemulonii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , highlighting its tremendous potential for the discovery and developmental research of novel antifungal agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1851966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:41:53Z","timestamp":1782798113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The anti-Candida haemulonii activity and bioactive metabolites of Streptomyces anandii NC-SA6"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chunxi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyu","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Excavation and Utilization of Agricultural Microorganisms, Jiangxi Agricultural University","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanru","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengyi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zimei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People\u2019s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pr8040470","article-title":"Microbial natural products in drug discovery","volume":"8","author":"Abdel-Razek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.968053","article-title":"Streptomyces: The biofactory of secondary metabolites","volume":"13","author":"Alam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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