{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T06:04:58Z","timestamp":1780553098813,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009110","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009110","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from parasites have emerged as a critical frontier for understanding pathogenic mechanisms and developing novel control strategies. This bibliometric analysis systematically examines 365 original research articles published between 2015 and 2025 using CiteSpace to map the intellectual structure, collaborative networks, and evolving research hotspots of this field. Global publication output exhibits a sustained upward trend, with China, the United States, Brazil, Spain, and Australia as the leading contributors. Notably, Spain demonstrates the highest centrality in international collaboration networks, functioning as a key hub. Author co-authorship analysis reveals a relatively sparse network density, with Ana Claudia Torrecilhas, Alex Loukas, and Antonio Marcilla among the most prolific contributors. Keyword clustering using the log-likelihood ratio algorithm identifies three predominant research domains: protozoan parasites (encompassing\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Trypanosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), trematode parasites (including\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Fasciola<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and cellular\/molecular mechanisms of immunomodulation. Timeline analysis documents a decisive paradigm shift from morphological description and cargo cataloguing toward mechanistic dissection of host\u2013parasite crosstalk, with increasing emphasis on translational applications in diagnostics, vaccine development, and drug delivery. Burst detection analysis reveals sustained citation bursts for methodological standardization guidelines, reflecting the community\u2019s recognition of persistent challenges in EV isolation and characterization. This technology-driven, interdisciplinary field provides robust evidence for future priority setting, international collaboration, and resource allocation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1859796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T05:35:06Z","timestamp":1780551306000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extracellular vesicles in host-parasite interactions: a bibliometric review of mechanisms, diagnostics, vaccines, and drug delivery (2015\u20132025)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Precision Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, the First Afliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Precision Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]},{"name":"Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicine-Industry Integration, Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Precision Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and Precision Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]},{"name":"Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Medicine-Industry Integration, Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengru","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, the First Afliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang (Xinjiang Medical University), Ministry of Education","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]},{"name":"Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Xinjiang Medical University","place":["Urumqi, Xinjiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.03056","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles released by leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis promote disease progression and induce the production of different cytokines in macrophages and b-1 cells","volume":"9","author":"Barbosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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