{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:31:50Z","timestamp":1786422710405,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), exacerbates disease severity and reduces the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis therapy. Previous studies have shown that T2DM is associated with exacerbated metabolic disturbances in patients with PTB. However, metabolic differences between PTB patients with comorbid T2DM (PTB-DM) and those with PTB after anti-TB therapy remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on plasma samples collected from April 2024 to November 2025 at Tianjin Haihe Hospital, China. A total of 75 participants were enrolled, including healthy controls, patients with newly diagnosed drug-sensitive PTB, patients with PTB-DM, as well as two independent post-treatment groups sampled after 6 months of standard anti-TB therapy: patients with PTB and patients with PTB-DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with PTB exhibited marked metabolic disturbances, particularly in tyrosine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Patients with PTB-DM showed broader metabolic reprogramming, including changes in arginine and proline metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, cAMP signaling, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. After 6 months of standard therapy, the PTB_6M group showed treatment-associated metabolic differences, especially in bile acid metabolism, suggesting partial normalization of several metabolic features. In contrast, patients with PTB-DM after treatment showed persistent metabolic abnormalities involving sphingolipid, purine and biotin metabolism. Notably, 12-HETE and 12-HHTrE showed elevated levels in active PTB, decreased levels after treatment, but remained relatively higher in PTB-DM after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study offers an integrated assessment of metabolic alterations in PTB and PTB-DM, suggesting that comorbid T2DM is associated with broader metabolic dysregulation during active PTB and persistent post-treatment metabolic abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1887961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:20:48Z","timestamp":1786422048000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with distinct post-treatment metabolic profiles in pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuokuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhili","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kairu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhonghua","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Accurate Detection of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingjie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaiyong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.5.2274","article-title":"Dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency impairs cellular immunity","volume":"96","author":"Alaniz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. 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