{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:04:06Z","timestamp":1790053446678,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Echinocandins have emerged as potential therapeutic options for urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly involving multidrug-resistant fungi. Given the fragmented nature of the evidence and the lack of comprehensive synthesis, this study aimed to systematically evaluate the global research landscape, collaboration networks, and emerging hotspots in this field through a bibliometric analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Publications related to echinocandin therapy for UTIs from database inception to March 20, 2026 were retrieved from PubMed and Web of Science. This bibliometric review was conducted and reported in accordance with the BIBLIO (Preliminary Guideline for Reporting Bibliometric Reviews of the Biomedical Literature) minimum requirements. VOSviewer (1.6.20) was used for collaboration network and keyword co-occurrence analysis. CiteSpace (6.4.R1) was used for burst detection, timeline visualization, and cluster analysis. Additional bibliometric indicators including total citations, average citations per publication, H-index, citation density, and identification of influential journals were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 47 publications were included, with peaks in 2016 and 2025 (six each). The limited number of publications reflects the emerging nature of this research field and the ongoing debate regarding the role of echinocandins in UTI management. The United States and Spain were leading contributors. Keyword analysis revealed a shift from early themes toward multidrug-resistant pathogens, particularly Candida auris, Candida glabrata, and multidrug resistance. Cluster analysis identified eight significant clusters Q\u00a0=\u00a00.755, S\u00a0=\u00a00.9196, focusing on candidate drugs, pathogen identification, and antifungal resistance mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Research on echinocandins for UTIs remains limited but shows sustained interest. The field has evolved toward multidrug-resistant fungal pathogens. Lack of robust clinical evidence remains a major barrier. Future studies should prioritize prospective clinical investigations and pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic evaluations.Robust prospective clinical studies and PK\/PD evaluations remain essential to establish definitive therapeutic role. We advocate for updated, evidence-based stewardship protocols that clearly define indications for echinocandin use in fluconazole-refractory UTIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1891369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:26:28Z","timestamp":1790051188000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A bibliometric and visual analysis of research on echinocandin treatment for urinary tract infections based on VOSviewer and CiteSpace"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fangqing","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinchuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xirui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibo","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan University Affiliated Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital, Chengdu Second People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2025.102982","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis: a few suggestions (part two)","volume":"50","author":"Abdelwahab","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Problems Cardiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2013.08.002","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for the management of invasive candida infections in adults in the Middle East region: expert panel recommendations","volume":"7","author":"Alothman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.riam.2016.02.004","article-title":"Echinocandins: applied pharmacology","volume":"33","author":"Azanza Perea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Iberoamericana Micologia"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2024.2424899","article-title":"Rezafungin acetate for the treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis: a pharmacokinetic evaluation","volume":"21","author":"Bassetti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-017-1042-z","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of antifungal drugs: practical implications for optimized treatment of patients","volume":"45","author":"Bellmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofz262","article-title":"Development of high-level echinocandin resistance in a patient with recurrent candida auris candidemia secondary to chronic candiduria","volume":"6","author":"Biagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3390\/jof11070483","article-title":"Microbiological relevance of candida in urine cultures","volume":"11","author":"Castellano-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Fungi (Basel Switzerland)"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2022.101353","article-title":"Predictive factors and prognostic value of candiduria in critically-ill patients with solid and hematological Malignancies","volume":"33","author":"Chaari","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mycol. Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106435","article-title":"Rezafungin in special populations with candidaemia and\/or invasive candidiasis","volume":"90","author":"Cornely","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Infection"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4669","DOI":"10.3390\/su18104669","article-title":"Assessing the role of government effectiveness across socio-economic, fiscal and migration dimensions in the EU","volume":"18","author":"Cristea","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix033","article-title":"Echinocandins compared to fluconazole for candidemia of a urinary tract source: a propensity score analysis","volume":"64","author":"Cuervo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202410-2045st","article-title":"Treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and preventive and empirical therapy for invasive candidiasis in adult pulmonary and critical care patients: an official American Thoracic Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"211","author":"Epelbaum","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2147\/tcrm.2007.3.1.71","article-title":"Comparison of echinocandin antifungals","volume":"3","author":"Eschenauer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ther. Clin. Risk Manag"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00646-23","article-title":"New perspectives on antimicrobial agents: rezafungin","volume":"69","author":"Forrister","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.5173\/ceju.2019.1909","article-title":"Epidemiology of candiduria and candida urinary tract infections in inpatients and outpatients: results from a 10-year retrospective survey","volume":"72","author":"Gajd\u00e1cs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Urol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040262","article-title":"Rezafungin-mechanisms of action, susceptibility and resistance: similarities and differences with the other echinocandins","volume":"6","author":"Garcia-Effron","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Fungi (Basel Switzerland)"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817404.ch2","article-title":"Clinical presentations and epidemiology of urinary tract infections","volume":"4","author":"Geerlings","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.05.010","article-title":"Urinary micafungin levels are sufficient to treat urinary tract infections caused by candida spp","volume":"48","author":"Grau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2024.102640","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis: a few suggestions","volume":"49","author":"Hassan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cardiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4880","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00621-11","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of echinocandins against candida glabrata: requirement for dosage escalation to achieve maximal antifungal activity in neutropenic hosts","volume":"55","author":"Howard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/foaf071","article-title":"Fungal \u03b2-1,3-glucan synthase: a review of structure, mechanism, and regulation","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074833","article-title":"Five-year cross-sectional study to determine the burden of candida spp. infections of the urinary tract system among patients attending tertiary hospital in northwestern Tanzania","volume":"13","author":"Konje","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01572-18","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic evaluation of rezafungin (CD101) against candida auris in the neutropenic mouse invasive candidiasis model","volume":"62","author":"Lepak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1499026","article-title":"A bibliometric and visualization analysis of the role of traditional Chinese medicine in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Lian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz390","article-title":"Activity of rezafungin against candida auris","volume":"80","author":"Locke","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2021.05.013","article-title":"Hospital admission patterns of adult patients with complicated urinary tract infections who present to the hospital by disease acuity and comorbid conditions: how many admissions are potentially avoidable","volume":"49","author":"Lodise","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.18502\/cmm.6.4.5328","article-title":"Epidemiological profile of funguria in a university hospital in Oujda, Morocco","volume":"6","author":"Maleb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Mycology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-023-02410-2","article-title":"Preliminary guideline for reporting bibliometric reviews of the biomedical literature (BIBLIO): a minimum requirements","volume":"12","author":"Montazeri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01390-21","article-title":"Metabolism, excretion, and mass balance of [(14)C]-rezafungin in animals and humans","volume":"66","author":"Ong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu074","article-title":"MSG-01: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of caspofungin prophylaxis followed by preemptive therapy for invasive candidiasis in high-risk adults in the critical care setting","volume":"58","author":"Ostrosky-Zeichner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ933","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the management of candidiasis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"62","author":"Pappas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420230096011","article-title":"Esophageal candidiasis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: a decision analysis to assess cost-effectiveness of alternative management strategies","volume":"154","author":"Rabeneck","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch. Internal Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mycmed.2017.01.006","article-title":"Successful treatment with caspofungin of candiduria in a child with Wilms tumor; review of literature","volume":"27","author":"Rezai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mycologie Medicale"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2022.e01510","article-title":"Outcomes of caspofungin use in the treatment of candida-related urinary tract infections, a case series","volume":"28","author":"Rkieh","year":"2022","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01627-16","article-title":"Safety and pharmacokinetics of CD101 IV, a novel echinocandin, in healthy adults","volume":"61","author":"Sandison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1086\/510432","article-title":"Caspofungin in the treatment of symptomatic candiduria","volume":"44","author":"Sobel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B37","first-page":"556","article-title":"Fungal profile of funguria cases at a tertiary care hospital in southern India","volume":"140","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(22)02324-8","article-title":"Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (ReSTORE): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised phase 3 trial","volume":"401","author":"Thompson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.181.2.444-453.1999","article-title":"A glucan synthase FKS1 homolog in cryptococcus neoformans is single copy and encodes an essential function","volume":"181","author":"Thompson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000096348","article-title":"The echinocandins: comparison of their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical applications","volume":"78","author":"Wagner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.1996.tb00529.x","article-title":"Fluconazole: comparison of pharmacokinetics, therapy and in vitro susceptibility of yeasts","volume":"39","author":"Wildfeuer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-024-00871-0","article-title":"Insights from three pan-European multicentre studies on invasive candida infections and outlook to ECMM Candida IV","volume":"189","author":"Wolfgruber","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1891369\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:26:29Z","timestamp":1790051189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1891369\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1891369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1891369","relation":{},"ISSN":["2235-2988"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2235-2988","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"article-number":"1891369"}}