{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T05:04:04Z","timestamp":1789535044630,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Pandoraea sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is an uncommon opportunistic pathogen whose genomic and antimicrobial resistance features in pediatric bloodstream infection remain poorly understood. An unusual beta-lactam discordance (meropenem resistance with imipenem susceptibility) was recognized clinically but lacks a defined genomic basis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We retrospectively analyzed 34 non-duplicate\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates from pediatric blood cultures at a single center from January 2024 to February 2026. Clinical data and antimicrobial susceptibility were reviewed. Two multidrug-resistant (MDR)\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing, with species confirmed by average nucleotide identity (ANI). Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis used 40\u00a0P\n                      <jats:italic>. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      genomes, including 38 public assemblies and two selected strains in our study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients showed male predominance (70.6%) and generally mild, nonspecific presentations, mainly fever and elevated inflammatory markers. The isolates were multidrug-resistant but largely susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, minocycline, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. A recurrent beta-lactam discordance was observed, characterized by meropenem resistance with retained imipenem susceptibility and cefepime\/ceftazidime resistance with relative ceftriaxone susceptibility. The two selected MDR isolates displaying this shared phenotype were confirmed as\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      by whole-genome ANI analysis (&amp;gt;99% vs. NCTC13161). Phylogenetic analysis with 38 public\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      genomes placed both isolates within a closely related lineage with broadly similar resistance and virulence gene profiles. Chromosomal\n                      <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>OXA-1152<\/jats:sub>\n                      was identified as a leading candidate potentially associated with carbapenem discordance, whereas additional beta-lactamase-related genes, efflux systems, porin\/outer-membrane candidates, and PBP-associated targets were identified and support a multifactorial resistance background. The\n                      <jats:italic>adeF<\/jats:italic>\n                      -associated RND efflux locus may also contribute to multidrug resistance, but functional validation is required.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study describes the clinical and microbiological characteristics of pediatric\n                      <jats:italic>P. sputorum<\/jats:italic>\n                      -positive blood cultures at a single center and provides exploratory genomic data for two selected isolates. The recurrent carbapenem-discordant phenotype warrants careful antimicrobial susceptibility interpretation, and comprehensive molecular typing and functional studies are needed to define its genomic basis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1902485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T04:29:07Z","timestamp":1789532947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical and microbiological characteristics of pediatric Pandoraea sputorum bloodstream isolates with exploratory genomic analysis of two selected strains"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children\u2019s Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & 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