{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T06:13:37Z","timestamp":1788416017286,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32160833, 32160834"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32160833, 32160834"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n \n Deletion of\n Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n pathogenicity island 4 (LIPI-4) in\n Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n (\n L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n ) impairs motility, disrupts flagellar assembly, and markedly upregulates the\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n gene.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n In this study, the \u0394\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n single-gene deletion mutant and \u0394LIPI-4\/\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n double-gene deletion mutant were constructed by homologous recombination. Bacterial motility was assessed, and flagellar biogenesis was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The adhesion, invasion, intracellular proliferation, and cell-to-cell spread capacities were compared across strains. Virulence was evaluated in a mouse model, and transcript levels of major virulence factors were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The results showed that deletion of\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n alone had no detectable effects on bacterial motility, flagellar formation, or virulence-related phenotypes. In contrast, LIPI-4 deletion enhanced biofilm formation and eliminated motility and flagellar assembly. Simultaneous deletion of LIPI-4 and\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n restored bacterial motility,\n flaA<\/jats:italic>\n gene expression, and partial restoration of flagellar assembly; however, the double mutant displayed significant reductions in adhesion, invasion, intracellular proliferation, and cell-to-cell spread in host cells.\n In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n experiments consistently showed that mice infected with the \u0394LIPI-4\/\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n mutant exhibited reduced bacterial loads and tissue damage. Compared with the \u0394LIPI-4 strain that exhibited elevated transcript levels of PrfA-controlled virulence genes, the \u0394LIPI-4\/\n lmo0180<\/jats:italic>\n mutant exhibited downregulation of most such genes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n \n These transcriptional changes may contribute to the attenuated virulence phenotype. Collectively, the study demonstrates that LIPI-4 and\n lmo0<\/jats:italic>\n 180 interact genetically to influence flagellar motility and virulence in\n L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n , a finding that provides new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of\n L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2026.1915886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:23:06Z","timestamp":1788412986000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["LIPI-4 and lmo0180 cooperatively regulate flagellar motility and virulence in Listeria monocytogenes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Caixia","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yatao","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongke","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangdong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University","place":["Shihezi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T. 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